Register a Private Limited Company
What’s included?
Registration in 7-10 Business Days
Company Name Approval
MOA & AOA
Director's Identification Number (DIN)
DSC Tokens
DSC Support & Shipping
Digital Signature Certificates
Company PAN & TAN
Incorporation Certificate
A Private Limited Company (Pvt Ltd) is one of the most popular business structures in India, especially for startups and growing businesses. It offers limited liability, a separate legal identity, and the ability to raise funding from investors. It is mandatory to have a minimum of two directors and two shareholders. These directors and shareholders can either be the same or different individuals, with at least one director being an Indian Resident.
All companies in India, including Private Limited Companies, are regulated by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA). The MCA enforces the Companies Act, 2013, through bodies like the Registrar of Companies (ROC), which handles company registration, compliance, and filings.
1. Identity Proof and Address Proof of Directors & Shareholders
Identity proof (any one for each):
PAN Card (mandatory for Indian nationals)
Passport
Voter ID
Driving Licence
Address proof (any one for each – recent):
Aadhaar Card
Latest Utility Bill (electricity, water, gas)
Recent Bank Statement
Other:
Passport‑size photographs of all directors
2. Proof of Registered Office
Electricity Bill (not older than 30 days): For ownership proof
Property Tax Receipt: For ownership proof
Rent Agreement (If the office is rented)
No Objection Certificate (NOC) from the Property Owner – Authorising use of premises as the registered office
3. Memorandum of Association (MOA)
Defines the primary objectives, business activities, and scope of the company.
Mandatory for incorporation and submitted in e-MOA format during registration.
4. Articles of Association (AOA)
Specifies internal rules, governance structure, shareholder rights, and operational framework.
Submitted along with the MOA in e-AOA format.
5. Declaration & Consent of Proposed Directors
Form INC-9: A self-declaration by directors and subscribers confirming they are not convicted, and the information provided is correct.
Form DIR-2: A written consent from each director agreeing to act as a director in the company is required for pvt. ltd. company registration in India.
6. Digital Signatures (DSC) and DIN
Class‑3 Digital Signature Certificate required for all proposed directors to sign e‑forms
Director Identification Number (DIN) for each director, generated/validated during the SPICe+ process
7. Company name & share details
Proposed company name and brief objects (for SPICe+ Part A name approval)
Shareholding pattern and subscription details (number of shares and amount to be subscribed by each shareholder)
At a Glance: New firms registration up by 29% in May 2025 India experienced a 29% year-on-year increase in new company registrations in May 2025, totaling 20,718, with active firms reaching a record 1.89 million. The surge is attributed to business-friendly reforms and reduced regulatory hurdles, with Maharashtra leading in state-wise registrations. |
For Directors
A minimum of two directors and two shareholders are required to incorporate a private limited company (Pvt. Ltd.). These directors and shareholders can either be the same or different individuals, with at least one director being an Indian Resident.
The maximum number of shareholders is limited to 200 under the Companies Act 2013.
For a Private Limited Company
Board Meetings: Hold the First Meeting of the Board of Directors within 30 days of the Incorporation of the Company. It is compulsory to host four meetings in a year with a gap not more than 120 days.
Annual General Meeting (AGM): Hold an Annual General Meeting every year, on or before September 30th, during business hours and in the registered office.
Auditor appointment: Appoint the company's first auditor within 30 days of incorporation, who will serve until the end of the first AGM.
Filling of ADT-1 Form: File Form ADT-1 within 15 days of the appointment of the subsequent auditor.
Filing of Annual Return: File Annual Returns (AOC 4 and MGT 7) within 30 and 60 days of holding the AGM, respectively.
Filing of Income Tax Return: File Form ITR-6 for Income Tax Return annually.
Filing of DIR-3 KYC: File Form DIR-3 KYC to disclose details of the Directors.
Minimum Capital Requirement for Pvt. Ltd. Company
There is no minimum capital requirement to register a Private Limited Company. However, a Private Limited Company has a minimum of 2 shareholders, and each shareholder has to have at least one share. So the company's minimum authorised and paid-up capital is at least Rs 2. This is subject to the requirements of the current account.
It's commonly advised to set the authorised capital at ₹1,00,000 (One Lakh), which serves as an initial estimate of the maximum investment that the company could potentially receive from its shareholders.
Earlier, the Companies Act 2013 mandated a minimum capital of ₹1,00,000 (Rs. One Lakh) in order to incorporate a private limited company. However, the Amendment Act in 2015 repealed the provision.
Did You Know? More than 1.85 million companies are actively doing business in India as of early 2025, and this number keeps growing every quarter. |
Tax Rates for Pvt. Ltd. Company
The basic tax rate for all domestic companies, excluding Surcharge and Cess-
Total Turnover or Gross Receipts during the previous year 2020-21 does not exceed ₹ 400 crores: 25%
If opted for Section 115BA: 25%
If opted for Section 115BAA: 22%
If opted for Section 115BAB: 15%
A surcharge is an additional charge levied for income above the specified limits; it is charged on the amount of income tax calculated as per applicable rates:
1. Taxable income above ₹1 Crore- Up to ₹10 Crore: 7%
2. Taxable income above ₹10 Crore: 12%
A health and Education cess of 4% shall also be levied on the amount of income tax plus surcharge (if any).
Note: The above tax rate is for AY 2025-26.
Once your Private Limited Company is incorporated, staying compliant is critical. Missing even small filings can result in hefty penalties, director disqualification, and notices from the ROC. Here are the essential steps to stay penalty-free:
1. File Your AGM & Annual Returns on Time (AOC-4 & MGT-7A/MGT-7)
Every company must hold an Annual General Meeting (AGM) and file AOC-4 (financial statements) and MGT-7/MGT-7A (annual return). Late filing can incur a penalty of ₹100 per day per form, with no upper limit.
2. Maintain Statutory Registers & Minutes
Keep updated registers like:
Register of Members
Register of Directors & KMP
Share transfer register
3. Appoint an Auditor Within 30 Days (Form ADT-1)
Every Pvt Ltd company must appoint a statutory auditor within 30 days of incorporation. Non-appointment results in ROC intervention and penalties.
4. Deposit Share Capital and Issue Share Certificates
Directors must deposit the subscribed capital into the company bank account and issue share certificates within 60 days. Delay attracts penalties under the Companies Act and can trigger compliance red flags.
5. Maintain Proper Accounting & GST Compliance
Keep accurate books of accounts and comply with GST requirements, such as:
GST registration (if applicable)
Monthly/quarterly GST filings
Reconciling GSTR-2B/3B
6. File Director KYC Every Year (Form DIR-3 KYC)
All directors must update their KYC details annually. Missing KYC leads to a ₹5,000 penalty per director and their DIN becoming inactive.
7. Keep Registered Office Proof Updated
Any change must be reported in Form INC-22. Failing to update your address means you'll miss ROC communications, which may escalate into penalties for non-response.
1. Limited Liability
As a shareholder, you do not have any personal liability and need not pay for the company’s liability out of your assets.
2. Separate Legal Entity
A private limited company becomes a separate legal entity after being incorporated. The company is then responsible for managing its assets, liabilities, debtors, and creditors.
3. Perpetual Succession
A company, being a separate legal entity, is unaffected by the death or cessation of any member but continues to exist irrespective of the changes in membership or ownership.
4. Funding & Foreign Investment
Attracting funds is relatively easy for Private limited companies as one can raise funds through equity and debt, thus setting up an optimal capital structure. For companies looking for investment abroad, you can also receive direct foreign investment.
5. Tax Benefits
Private limited companies might be eligible for certain tax benefits or incentives provided by the government. These incentives could sometimes include deductions, exemptions, or lower tax rates.
Registering a Private Limited Company in India usually takes about 7–10 working days, depending on how quickly documents are prepared and approved by the MCA.
Things that Delay a Registration Process
The registration process for a Pvt. Ltd. company can be delayed due to various factors, both within and beyond your control. Here are some common things that can cause delays in the registration process:
Incomplete Documentation or Errors:
Name Approval Issues
MCA Server Glitches
Response Time
Jurisdiction Variability
The cost of Pvt. Ltd. company registration online can vary based on several factors, including the jurisdiction in which you're registering, professional fees, and any additional services you might opt for.
For a company with:
2 Directors
Authorised capital up to ₹1 lakh
Standard incorporation
The total estimated cost usually falls between ₹8,000 to ₹20,000 (including pvt ltd company registration govt fees, DSC, and professional fees).
Note: Government charges vary by authorised capital and state, but generally include: SPICe+ form filing fee, MOA & AOA filing fees, PAN & TAN issuance fees & Stamp duty (varies by state)
Register your Private Limited Company
in just ₹1,499 +Govt Fee
The Private Limited Company Registration Number, also known as the Corporate Identification Number (CIN), is a unique 21-digit alphanumeric code assigned to a private limited company upon its registration with the Registrar of Companies (ROC).
This number serves as a distinct identifier for the company and contains information about its registration details, including the state where it's registered and the type of company structure.
Example of CIN for a Private Limited Company: U72200KA2013PTC097389
The CIN can be broken down into-
The first letter indicates the listing status of the company. Unlisted companies have a CIN that starts with the letter "U," while listed companies commence with the letter "L."
The next series of five numbers serves to classify the economic activity of a company, indicating the specific industry to which the company pertains.
The following two letters signify the Indian state in which the company is registered. Here, it implies Karnataka.
The succeeding four numbers denote the year of incorporation of the company, i.e., 2013.
The subsequent three letters designate the classification of the company. These aid in determining whether the company is a Private limited company, a Public limited company, a Foreign company, or more. PTC stands for Private Limited Company.
The last six-digit numbers signify the unique registration number issued by the relevant Registrar of Companies (ROC).
A concise checklist to help you navigate the Private Limited Registration Process:
Get DSC for all designated Directors.
Draft the e-Memorandum of Association & e-Articles of Association.
Approval of Company Name, a unique and compliant name.
Apply through SPICe+.
Submit documents & pay fees.
Get Certificate of Incorporation.
Obtain PAN & TAN.
A Company bank account, Proof of the company's registered office.
Stay up-to-date with Compliance.
Razorpay Rize simplifies the entire journey of registering a Private Limited Company online by handling all the paperwork, filings, and registration steps end-to-end.
From Day 1, Rize guides you through every step: collecting your documents, securing your DSC, reserving your company name, drafting your MOA and AOA, and filing everything correctly with the MCA.
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