Form MGT-8: Applicability and Format

Feb 27, 2025
Private Limited Company vs. Limited Liability Partnerships

For businesses, staying compliant with regulations isn’t just about ticking boxes—it’s about building trust with investors, customers, and regulators. One such important compliance requirement is Form MGT-8, a certification that ensures companies are meeting legal obligations while filing their annual returns.

If your company falls under certain criteria, you must get this form certified by a practising Company Secretary (CS) to confirm that your annual return is accurate and meets all legal requirements.

Understanding who needs to file Form MGT-8, its format, and compliance requirements can help companies avoid unnecessary risks and maintain smooth operations.

Table of Contents

What is Form MGT-8?

Form MGT-8 is a certification issued by a practising Company Secretary to validate that a company’s annual return complies with the provisions of the Companies Act of 2013. It assures that the company has accurately disclosed its financial and operational details, ensuring transparency and accountability.

The certificate covers aspects such as shareholding structure, board composition, meetings, and statutory records.

When Is Form MGT-8 Required?

Form MGT-8 is required in specific scenarios where companies exceed certain financial thresholds or have a specific status. It is mandatory for:

  • Listed companies
  • Companies with a paid-up share capital of ₹10 crores or more
  • Companies with a turnover of ₹50 crores or more

Form MGT-8 Format

Essential Components of the Form

Form MGT-8 is a certification report that includes various essential components to ensure compliance with the Companies Act, 2013. These components typically include:

  • Company Details – Name, registration number, and details of the company.
  • Certificate of Compliance – A statement certifying the company's adherence to the Act’s provisions.
  • Verification of Financial Records – Confirmation that financial statements have been audited and filed according to the law.
  • Board and Shareholder Meeting Details – Confirmation of meetings held and compliance with relevant provisions.
  • Transaction and Borrowing Details – Verification of loans, borrowings, and any changes in share capital.
  • Auditor Details – Information related to the appointment and reappointment of auditors.

Structure and Key Sections

Form MGT-8 follows a structured format, typically divided into the following sections:

  1. Part A: Company Overview
    • Includes company name, CIN (Corporate Identification Number), and registered address.
  2. Part B: Compliance Statements
    • Lists the provisions of the Companies Act, 2013 under which the company is required to comply. It includes details on financial statements, board meetings, and share capital transactions.
  3. Part C: Certification
    • The company secretary provides a certificate stating that the company has adhered to all the relevant provisions of the Act.
  4. Part D: Signature and Date
    • The form ends with the signature of the certifying company secretary, along with the date of certification.

Applicability of Form MGT-8

As per Section 92(2) of the Companies (Management and Administration) Rules, 2014, certain companies must have their annual returns certified by a practising Company Secretary. This applies to:

  • Listed companies
  • Companies with a paid-up share capital of ₹10 crores or more
  • Companies with a turnover of ₹50 crores or more

This certification ensures the company meets all statutory compliance requirements before submitting its annual return.

Related Read: LLP Form 11; Annual Return

Contents of Form MGT-8

Form MGT-8 contains several key elements that ensure a company is in compliance with the Companies Act of 2013. The contents include:

  • Company details: Name, registration number, and principal business activities.
  • Share capital structure: Details of shares issued and ownership distribution.
  • Compliance confirmation: Verification of board meetings, statutory filings, and regulatory approvals.
  • Certifications: Declaration by the practising Company Secretary affirming that the company has adhered to all relevant legal provisions.

Contents of the Form MGT-8 Report

The company secretary must certify that the annual return of the company is accurate and in compliance with the provisions of the Companies Act, 2013. The key points covered in the report include:

  • Status of the Company – The company’s legal status under the Companies Act.
  • Maintenance of Registers and Records – Ensuring records are updated within prescribed timelines.
  • Filing of Forms and Returns – Confirmation that necessary filings were made to the appropriate authorities.
  • Board Meetings – Verification that board and committee meetings were conducted correctly.
  • Register of Members/Shareholders – Confirmation of compliance with closure and maintenance requirements.
  • Loans to Directors – Adherence to provisions under Section 185 of the Companies Act for loans to directors.
  • Changes in Share Capital – Details on share capital transactions (issue, transfer, buyback, etc.).
  • Dividend Rights – Assurance that dividend-related processes have been followed.
  • Investor Education and Protection Fund – Confirmation of amounts moved to this fund as per Section 125.
  • Financial Statements – Certification that audited financial statements are signed and compliant with Section 134.
  • Director & KMP Appointments – Verification of appointments, reappointments, and remuneration of directors and key managerial personnel.
  • Auditor Appointments – Confirmation that auditor appointments comply with Section 139.
  • Approval from Authorities – Ensuring necessary approvals have been obtained.
  • Acceptance of Deposits – Compliance with the acceptance, renewal, and repayment of deposits.
  • Borrowings and Charges – Details on borrowings and matters related to charges.
  • Loans/Investments/Guarantees – Compliance with Section 186 for providing loans/investments to bodies corporate or individuals.
  • Alteration of AoA/MoA – Confirmation of any changes to the Articles or Memorandum of Association.

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Compliance Aspects

The compliance aspects covered by Form MGT-8 include:

  • Corporate Governance: Ensuring proper board structure and transparency in decision-making.
  • Regulatory Filings: Confirmation that the company has submitted all required returns and documents.
  • Financial Reporting: Validation of financial statements and records.
  • Board Meetings & Resolutions: Verification of proper conduct of board meetings and resolutions.
  • Loans & Related Party Transactions: Ensuring transactions comply with legal provisions.
  • Approvals & Authorizations: Confirmation that necessary approvals from the Central Government or regulatory authorities are obtained where required.

Consequences of Non-Compliance

Failure to comply with the requirements of Form MGT-8 can result in serious consequences, including:

  • Penalties and Fines: Companies and responsible officers may face monetary penalties for non-compliance.
  • Legal Action: Regulatory authorities may initiate legal proceedings against defaulting companies.
  • Reputation Damage: Non-compliance affects investor confidence and the company's credibility.
  • Operational Restrictions: Companies may face restrictions in obtaining loans, tenders, and other business opportunities.

Conclusion

Form MGT-8 is a critical compliance document that ensures companies adhere to the Companies Act of 2013. It is mandatory for listed companies and those meeting specific financial thresholds.

By obtaining certification from a practising Company Secretary, companies can confirm their adherence to legal requirements, reducing regulatory risks. Understanding its applicability, format, and compliance aspects helps businesses maintain transparency and corporate governance.

Companies must meet the necessary compliance requirements to avoid penalties and safeguard their business interests.

Frequently Asked Questions

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Private Limited Company
(Pvt. Ltd.)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Service-based businesses
  • Businesses looking to issue shares
  • Businesses seeking investment through equity-based funding


Limited Liability Partnership
(LLP)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Professional services 
  • Firms seeking any capital contribution from Partners
  • Firms sharing resources with limited liability 

One Person Company
(OPC)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Freelancers, Small-scale businesses
  • Businesses looking for minimal compliance
  • Businesses looking for single-ownership

Private Limited Company
(Pvt. Ltd.)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Service-based businesses
  • Businesses looking to issue shares
  • Businesses seeking investment through equity-based funding


One Person Company
(OPC)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Freelancers, Small-scale businesses
  • Businesses looking for minimal compliance
  • Businesses looking for single-ownership

Private Limited Company
(Pvt. Ltd.)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Service-based businesses
  • Businesses looking to issue shares
  • Businesses seeking investment through equity-based funding


Limited Liability Partnership
(LLP)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Professional services 
  • Firms seeking any capital contribution from Partners
  • Firms sharing resources with limited liability 

Frequently Asked Questions

Who is eligible for MGT-8?

Form MGT-8 can only be certified by a Company Secretary in Practice (CS). A CS is eligible to certify this form if they are a member of the Institute of Company Secretaries of India (ICSI) and hold a valid certificate of practice. This ensures that the certification complies with legal and regulatory standards.

What is MGT-8 filed for?

Form MGT-8 is filed to certify that a company has complied with the provisions of the Companies Act, 2013, and the rules made thereunder. It is specifically used for certifying the annual return of the company, ensuring that the company's records, meetings, filings, transactions, and governance practices are in compliance with the legal requirements.

What is the difference between MGT-8 and secretarial audit?

  • MGT-8: This is a certificate provided by a company secretary in practice, confirming that the company's annual return complies with the requirements of the Companies Act, 2013. It is more focused on the company’s compliance with the law and internal governance.
  • Secretarial Audit: A secretarial audit is a comprehensive examination of a company’s records and operations to ensure compliance with various laws and regulations (including corporate governance and SEBI regulations). It is a more detailed and extensive process compared to MGT-8, usually required for larger companies.

Can MGT-8 be digitally signed?

Yes, MGT-8 can be digitally signed by the company secretary in practice who is certifying the form. The digital signature ensures the authenticity and validity of the document, in line with the requirements for filing documents electronically with the Registrar of Companies (RoC).

Who is required to file MGT-8?

The filing of Form MGT-8 involves the following steps:

How to file MGT-8?

The filing of Form MGT-8 involves the following steps:

  1. Preparation: The company secretary in practice certifies the company’s compliance with the Companies Act, 2013 and prepares Form MGT-8.
  2. Certification: The company secretary certifies the annual return, ensuring it is in line with the legal requirements.
  3. Submission: Form MGT-8, along with the annual return (MGT-7), is filed with the Registrar of Companies (RoC) through the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) portal. The company secretary digitally signs the form before submission.
  4. Filing Fee: Pay the prescribed filing fee on the MCA portal at the time of submission.

Akash Goel

Akash Goel is an experienced Company Secretary specializing in startup compliance and advisory across India. He has worked with numerous early and growth-stage startups, supporting them through critical funding rounds involving top VCs like Matrix Partners, India Quotient, Shunwei, KStart, VH Capital, SAIF Partners, and Pravega Ventures.

His expertise spans Secretarial compliance, IPR, FEMA, valuation, and due diligence, helping founders understand how startups operate and the complexities of legal regulations.

Read More

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How Do I Start My Own Online Business? A Step-by-Step Guide

How Do I Start My Own Online Business? A Step-by-Step Guide

Starting your own online business in India requires careful planning and strategic action. First, you'll need to select a niche that aligns with your skills and market demand. Conduct thorough market research to understand your target audience and competition. Next, focus on building a strong online presence through a website or e-commerce platform. Ensure that you set up reliable customer service channels to foster trust and satisfaction. As you go through the process, remember that dedication and consistent effort are key to success. 

Table of Contents

Procedure to Start an Online Business

Step 1: Identify Your Business Idea

How do I choose the right online business idea?

Choosing the right online business idea starts with understanding your own strengths. Think about your skills, hobbies, and what you’re passionate about. Also, assess market demand to ensure that your idea addresses a genuine need. You can brainstorm by asking yourself what problems you can solve or how your expertise can benefit others.

What are the most profitable online business ideas?



Some of the most profitable online business ideas include e-commerce, dropshipping, freelancing, selling digital products, and affiliate marketing. These options require relatively low investment and have high growth potential in India. E-commerce and dropshipping are ideal for those interested in retail, while freelancing and digital products are great for service-oriented entrepreneurs.

How do I validate my business idea?

To validate your business idea, you should conduct market research and competitor analysis. This helps you understand if there’s demand for your product or service and how to position yourself in the market. Additionally, you can run surveys or test your idea on a small scale to gather feedback before fully committing to it.

Step 2: Conduct Market Research

Why is market research important for an online business?

Market research is crucial for understanding your target audience and the competition. It helps you identify customer needs, preferences, and pain points, allowing you to tailor your offerings effectively. By knowing what your competitors are doing, you can find gaps in the market and differentiate your business. This research forms the foundation for making informed decisions and reducing risks.

How do I conduct market research?

To conduct market research, start by using tools like Google Trends and keyword research tools (e.g., SEMrush, Ubersuggest) to identify trending topics and search volumes. You can also use social media insights to monitor conversations around your niche. Engaging directly with potential customers through surveys or focus groups will also give you valuable feedback.

What are the key metrics to analyse?

Key metrics to analyse include customer demographics, such as age, gender, location, and income level. Understanding buying behaviour, including purchase frequency and preferences, is equally important. Additionally, assessing the market size, competition, and growth potential helps you gauge the sustainability of your business idea.

Step 3: Create a Business Plan

Do I need a business plan for an online business?

Yes, a business plan is essential for an online business. It provides clarity on your goals and how you plan to achieve them. A solid business plan also plays a key role when seeking funding, as it helps potential investors or lenders understand the vision, strategy, and financial viability of your business.

What should a business plan include?

Your business plan should include the following sections:

  1. Executive Summary: A brief overview of your business, mission, and vision.
  2. Target Market: A detailed description of your ideal customers and their needs.
  3. Revenue Model: A breakdown of how you’ll make money (e.g., product sales, subscriptions, services).
  4. Marketing Strategy: A plan for how you'll promote your business, including online advertising, social media, and SEO.

How do I set realistic goals?

To set realistic goals, follow the SMART criteria:

  1. Specific: Define clear, concise goals.
  2. Measurable: Ensure your progress can be tracked.
  3. Achievable: Set goals that are realistic given your resources.
  4. Relevant: Ensure the goals align with your business objectives.
  5. Time-bound: Assign deadlines to keep you on track. Setting SMART goals helps maintain focus and ensures steady progress.

Step 4: Choose a Business Model

What are the different online business models?

  1. E-commerce: Selling physical or digital products through an online store.
  2. Subscription-based: Offering products or services on a recurring basis, such as monthly subscriptions for digital content or curated boxes.
  3. Service-based: Providing services like consulting, coaching, or freelance work directly to customers.
  4. Ad-based: Earning revenue through advertising, typically via websites or social media platforms that attract large audiences.

Which business model is best for beginners?

For beginners, a service-based model or a subscription-based model might be the best fit. The service model often requires lower initial investment and offers flexibility in terms of workload. The subscription model provides recurring revenue, which can be predictable once you have a customer base. However, each model has its pros and cons:

  1. E-commerce: High investment, but potential for significant profit.
  2. Subscription-based: Steady income but may require strong marketing efforts.
  3. Service-based: Low cost to start, but time-intensive and dependent on personal expertise.
  4. Ad-based: Relatively low start-up cost, but requires a large audience and can take time to generate income.

How do I decide which model suits me?

To decide on the best business model, align your choice with your skills, budget, and long-term goals. If you have a skill set that can be marketed as a service (e.g., writing, design, tutoring), a service-based model might be a good start. If you want to sell products but have a limited budget, dropshipping or print-on-demand models may be better. Consider your available resources and the time you can commit before making your final decision.

Step 5: Register Your Business

Do I need to register my online business?

Yes, registering your online business is crucial for legal and tax purposes. It provides your business with a legal identity, ensures compliance with local regulations, and helps build credibility with customers. Without registration, you might face legal issues and be unable to access benefits like business loans or grants.

H4 - What are the steps to register a business?

  1. Choose a business name: Make sure it reflects your brand and is unique.
  2. Decide on a legal structure: Select the appropriate business structure (sole proprietorship, LLC, Private Limited, etc.).
  3. Register for taxes: Apply for a Goods and Services Tax (GST) number if applicable.
  4. Obtain required licenses: Depending on your business type, you may need specific licenses or permits.
  5. Open a business bank account: This helps separate personal and business finances.
  6. Get a business PAN (Permanent Account Number): Required for tax filings and business transactions.

What legal structure should I choose?

Choosing the right legal structure depends on factors like liability, taxes, and scalability:

  1. Sole Proprietorship: Simple to set up, ideal for solo entrepreneurs, but you’ll be personally liable for business debts.
  2. Limited Liability Partnership (LLP): Offers limited liability protection and is suitable for small businesses with partners.
  3. Private Limited Company: A more complex structure that provides limited liability and is better suited for larger businesses looking for investment or expansion. It also offers tax benefits and more credibility.

Related Read: Difference between Private Limited Company and One Person Company

Step 6: Build Your Online Presence

How do I create a website for my business?

  1. Choose a domain name: Pick a name that reflects your business and is easy to remember. Check for availability using domain registrars like GoDaddy or Hostinger.
  2. Select a hosting provider: Choose a reliable hosting service, such as Bluehost or SiteGround, to ensure your website runs smoothly.
  3. Use website builders: Website builders like WordPress and Shopify are user-friendly and offer templates for quick setup. WordPress is ideal for blogs and content-focused websites, while Shopify is perfect for e-commerce stores.

Do I need social media for my online business?

Yes, social media is crucial for marketing and customer engagement. Platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and LinkedIn help you reach a wider audience and build brand awareness. Social media allows you to connect with customers, share updates, promote products, and gather feedback. It’s an affordable way to drive traffic to your website and create a loyal community around your brand.

What are the essential features of a business website?

  1. User-friendly design: A clean, easy-to-navigate layout that enhances the user experience.
  2. Secure payment gateways: Integrated payment gateway (e.g. Razorpay) to facilitate safe and smooth transactions.
  3. Mobile responsiveness: Your website should be fully optimised for mobile devices, as many users shop and browse on their phones.

Step 7: Set Up Payment and Shipping Systems

H4 - How do I accept payments online?
To accept payments online, you need to integrate a reliable payment gateway into your website. Payment gateways like PayPal, Stripe, and Razorpay allow you to process credit card payments, debit cards, and digital wallets securely. The setup process usually involves creating an account with the provider, linking it to your business bank account, and adding their payment gateway to your website using plugins or APIs. 

What are the best shipping options for an online store?

  1. Self-shipping: If you’re a small business, you can handle shipping yourself by partnering with courier services like India Post, DTDC, or Blue Dart. This gives you more control but requires time and resources.
  2. Third-party logistics (3PL): 3PL companies manage storage, packaging, and delivery on your behalf. This is ideal for businesses that want to scale quickly without handling logistics.
  3. Dropshipping: This model eliminates the need for inventory management. When a customer places an order, the product is directly shipped from the supplier. It’s cost-effective, but you have less control over shipping times and quality.

How do I handle international payments and shipping?

  1. Payments: Use global payment gateways like PayPal or Razorpay, which support multiple currencies. You’ll need to set up your account to handle cross-border payments and be aware of transaction fees and exchange rates.
  • Shipping: Partner with international couriers like DHL or FedEx for global shipping. Ensure that you account for customs duties, taxes, and potential delays. Consider using platforms like Shiprocket or Easyship, which can automate international logistics and offer competitive shipping rates.

Step 8: Market Your Online Business

How do I promote my online business?

  1. SEO (Search Engine Optimisation): Optimise your website for relevant keywords, improve loading speeds, and focus on creating quality content to rank higher in search engines.
  2. Social Media Marketing: Use platforms like Instagram, Facebook, and LinkedIn to engage with your audience, share valuable content, and promote offers.
  3. Email Marketing: Build an email list and send newsletters, promotional offers, or product updates to keep customers engaged.
  4. Paid Ads: Run ads on Google, Facebook, or Instagram to increase brand visibility and attract potential customers. Paid advertising can generate quick results if targeted effectively.

What is the best way to attract customers?

  1. Content Marketing: Create blog posts, videos, or infographics that provide value to your audience and establish your brand as an authority in your niche.
  2. Influencer Collaborations: Partner with influencers in your industry to promote your products or services, leveraging their established trust and following.
  3. Customer Reviews: Encourage satisfied customers to leave reviews and testimonials. Positive feedback can build credibility and influence potential customers' purchasing decisions.

How do I track the success of my marketing efforts?

To track the success of your marketing efforts, use tools like:

  1. Google Analytics: Monitor website traffic, user behaviour, and conversion rates. Google Analytics gives you detailed insights into your website’s performance.
  2. Social Media Insights: Platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter provide analytics on engagement, reach, and audience demographics, helping you assess the effectiveness of your social media campaigns. These tools can help you fine-tune your marketing strategies and ensure that your efforts are yielding the desired results.

Step 9: Manage Operations and Scale

How do I manage day-to-day operations?
To manage day-to-day operations effectively, use tools that streamline tasks:

  1. Inventory Management: Tools like TradeGecko or Zoho Inventory help track stock levels, manage orders, and avoid overselling.
  2. Customer Support: Platforms like Zendesk or Freshdesk assist in managing customer inquiries, complaints, and service requests efficiently.
  3. Order Tracking: Use tools like Shiprocket or AfterShip to monitor and update customers on the status of their orders in real-time, improving their experience.

When should I consider scaling my business?

  1. Consistent Revenue Growth: When your sales show a steady increase over a few months or years, it indicates that your business model is working.
  2. High Customer Demand: If customers are requesting more products or services than you can provide, or if you’re struggling to meet demand, it’s a clear sign that you’re ready to expand.
  3. Positive Cash Flow: If you have a healthy profit margin and can reinvest earnings back into the business, scaling becomes a feasible option.
  • What are the best ways to scale an online business?
  1. Expand Product Lines: Add complementary products or services to cater to a broader audience or meet existing customer needs.
  2. Enter New Markets: Consider selling to customers in different regions, cities, or even internationally to broaden your reach.
  3. Automate Processes: Use automation tools for marketing (e.g., Mailchimp for emails), customer support (e.g., chatbots), and order fulfilment to reduce the workload and enhance efficiency. By scaling smartly, you can increase your reach and profitability without compromising the quality of your offerings.

Registration of Online Business in India

  • Choose a suitable business structure: Decide whether to register as a Sole Proprietorship, LLP, or Private Limited Company based on your business model, scalability needs, and compliance requirements.
  • Select a unique business name: Check name availability on the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) portal and register it to avoid legal issues.
  • Apply for PAN and TAN: A Permanent Account Number (PAN) is required for financial transactions. At the same time, a Tax Deduction and Collection Account Number (TAN) is mandatory if your business deducts taxes at the source.
  • Register for GST: If your annual turnover exceeds ₹40 lakhs (₹20 lakhs for special category states), you must register for Goods and Services Tax (GST) to collect and pay taxes legally.
  • Register under MSME if applicable: If you own a small or medium-sized business, registering under the Udyam (MSME) scheme can provide benefits like easier loan approvals and government subsidies.
  • Obtain necessary licenses and permits: Depending on your industry, you may need specific licenses, such as an FSSAI license for food businesses, a trade license for local operations, or an Import Export Code (IEC) for international trade.
  • Open a business bank account: A separate bank account in your business name is required for handling payments, tax filings, and financial transactions professionally.

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Tips to Start an Online Business in India

  • Identify a Profitable Niche

    Selecting the right niche is important for success. Focus on a business idea that matches your skills and interests while also having strong market demand. Research your competitors to find opportunities where you can stand out.
  • Build a Strong Online Presence
    Creating a website or an e-commerce store is essential for any online business. Make sure your website is easy to use, mobile-friendly, and optimised for search engines. Use social media to connect with your audience and promote your products or services.
  • Ensure Legal Compliance
    Every online business must comply with the legal requirements for online business in India to operate lawfully. You need to register your business and get GST registration in India. It is also important to comply with tax and other regulations. Completing these formalities ensures smooth operations and avoids legal issues. 
  • Set Up Secure Payment Systems

    Providing a secure and convenient payment method builds customer trust. Choose a reliable payment gateway that supports multiple payment options and ensures smooth transactions for your customers.

Frequently Asked Questions

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Register your Private Limited Company in just 1,499 + Govt. Fee

Register your business
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Register your One Person Company in just 1,499 + Govt. Fee

Register your business
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Register your Business starting at just 1,499 + Govt. Fee

Register your business
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Register your Limited Liability Partnership in just 1,499 + Govt. Fee

Register your business

Private Limited Company
(Pvt. Ltd.)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Service-based businesses
  • Businesses looking to issue shares
  • Businesses seeking investment through equity-based funding


Limited Liability Partnership
(LLP)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Professional services 
  • Firms seeking any capital contribution from Partners
  • Firms sharing resources with limited liability 

One Person Company
(OPC)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Freelancers, Small-scale businesses
  • Businesses looking for minimal compliance
  • Businesses looking for single-ownership

Private Limited Company
(Pvt. Ltd.)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Service-based businesses
  • Businesses looking to issue shares
  • Businesses seeking investment through equity-based funding


One Person Company
(OPC)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Freelancers, Small-scale businesses
  • Businesses looking for minimal compliance
  • Businesses looking for single-ownership

Private Limited Company
(Pvt. Ltd.)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Service-based businesses
  • Businesses looking to issue shares
  • Businesses seeking investment through equity-based funding


Limited Liability Partnership
(LLP)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Professional services 
  • Firms seeking any capital contribution from Partners
  • Firms sharing resources with limited liability 

Frequently Asked Questions

Which business is most profitable?

Profitable online businesses in India include e-commerce, dropshipping, freelancing, digital marketing services, and selling digital products like courses or eBooks. Choosing the right business depends on your skills, market demand, and investment capacity.

What are the 7 steps to starting a business?

The key steps to start an online business include:

  1. Choosing a business idea that suits your skills and interests.
  2. Conducting market research to understand demand and competition.
  3. Deciding on the business structure (like sole proprietorship, LLC, etc.).
  4. Registering your business and completing necessary legal formalities.
  5. Building a website or online store to showcase your products or services.
  6. Setting up payment systems to process transactions securely.
  7. Planning your marketing strategy and ensuring good customer service.

Which business can we do from home?

Home-based businesses include freelancing, content writing, selling handmade products, affiliate marketing, and running an e-commerce business in India. Many of these require minimal investment and can be scaled over time.

Swagatika Mohapatra

Swagatika Mohapatra is a storyteller & content strategist. She currently leads content and community at Razorpay Rize, a founder-first initiative that supports early-stage & growth-stage startups in India across tech, D2C, and global export categories.

Over the last 4+ years, she’s built a stronghold in content strategy, UX writing, and startup storytelling. At Rize, she’s the mind behind everything from founder playbooks and company registration explainers to deep-dive blogs on brand-building, metrics, and product-market fit.

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What Is an LLP (Limited Liability Partnership) and How Does It Work?

What Is an LLP (Limited Liability Partnership) and How Does It Work?

In today’s dynamic business landscape, the Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) has emerged as a compelling choice for entrepreneurs, startups, and professional service providers. Offering the legal strengths of a company alongside the flexible governance of a partnership, LLPs are gaining remarkable popularity across India.

  • In the financial year 2023-24 alone, the number of LLP registrations soared by a striking 39%, reaching 58,990—a clear reflection of growing confidence in this structure.
  • The upward momentum continued into 2025, with May witnessing a 37% year-on-year jump in new LLP incorporations—outpacing the 29% growth seen in company registrations

These figures underscore a powerful trend: LLPs are fast becoming the go-to vehicle for professionals and small businesses seeking liability protection, compliance ease, and operational flexibility.

Table of Contents

What is LLP?

An LLP or Limited Liability Partnership is a business structure where business partners share limited liability, meaning their personal assets are protected in case the business incurs debts or liabilities.

LLPs are commonly used by professionals like lawyers, accountants, and consultants but are increasingly popular among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).

An LLP is an ideal structure for businesses seeking operational flexibility, protection for partners' personal assets, and minimal compliance requirements. It is particularly attractive for professionals and small enterprises looking for a formal and efficient business framework.

This business structure also allows businesses to make use of the benefits of economies of scale, since LLPs can pool resources, expertise, and capital from multiple partners. By sharing operational responsibilities and costs, LLPs can reduce per-unit expenses, streamline processes, and negotiate better terms with suppliers.

This collaborative approach enables businesses to grow efficiently, expand their market presence, and achieve cost advantages typically associated with larger organizations.

How an LLP (Limited Liability Partnership) Works?

1. Hybrid Business Structure

A Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) is a flexible business structure that operates with a mix of partnership and corporate elements.

2. Limited Liability Advantage

The main advantage of an LLP is that it provides limited liability to its partners. This means that, unlike a general partnership, your personal assets (such as your home or car) are typically protected in case of legal action.

3. Lawsuit and Liability Rules

In an LLP, if the business faces a lawsuit, the partnership itself becomes the primary target, not the personal property of the individual partners. However, if a partner personally engages in wrongdoing (e.g., fraud), they could still be held liable for their actions.

4. Example: Meena and Shalini’s Case

  • Starting Out: Consider a scenario where two professionals, Meena and Shalini, decide to start a business offering consulting services in India. They have a shared interest in providing management consulting to small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Initially, they start with a mutual agreement and an informal arrangement.
  • Formalizing the Structure: However, as the business grows, they realize the need to formalize the structure to protect themselves from legal and financial risks. Meena and Shalini choose to form an LLP (Limited Liability Partnership) to safeguard their personal assets from any potential legal liabilities that may arise in the course of business. They register the LLP with the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) in India, creating an LLP agreement that outlines their responsibilities, profit-sharing ratios, and other operational details.
  • Facing a Legal Dispute: A few months later, the consulting firm faces a legal dispute due to an issue with one of their clients. The client sues the LLP for professional negligence, claiming that the advice given led to a loss in business.
  • Outcome of the Lawsuit: Since Meena and Shalini have formed an LLP, their personal assets—such as their homes, personal savings, or vehicles—are protected. The lawsuit can only target the assets of the LLP itself, not their personal belongings. However, if it is proven that either Meena or Shalini acted negligently or fraudulently in a personal capacity, that partner could still be held accountable for their individual actions.

LP (Limited Partnership) vs General Partnership

An LP (Limited Partnership) and a General Partnership are both business structures involving two or more partners, but they differ in terms of liability and management roles.

Limited Partnership (LP)

  • In an LP, there are two types of partners: general partners and limited partners.
  • General partners have full control over the management of the business and bear unlimited liability, meaning they are personally responsible for the business's debts and obligations.
  • Limited partners, on the other hand, contribute capital but do not participate in day-to-day management. Their liability is limited to the amount they invest in the business, protecting their personal assets beyond that contribution.

General Partnership

  • In a General Partnership, all partners share equal responsibility for managing the business and have unlimited liability.
  • This means they are personally liable for the debts and obligations of the business.
  • There is no distinction between the roles of partners—each partner participates in both the management and the liabilities of the business.

Key Difference

The key difference between the two is the level of liability protection and management involvement.

  • An LP offers limited liability to some partners (limited partners).
  • A General Partnership places full responsibility on all partners, making it a riskier option for individuals seeking protection from personal liability.

Related Read: What is the Difference Between LLP and Partnership?

LLP vs LLC

Ownership and structure

LLP refers to Limited Liability Partnership, where two or more partners collaborate to run the business. The partners can be individuals or corporate entities, and the number of partners can vary.

In an LLP, all partners share the management responsibilities and decision-making processes, unless the partnership agreement specifies otherwise. Partners have limited liability, meaning their personal assets are protected from business debts or legal claims.

LLC refers to a Limited Liability Company, which is a separate legal entity that can have one or more owners, known as members. The ownership can be divided among individual or corporate members, and the structure is more flexible than a corporation.

LLCs can be managed either by members (member-managed) or by designated managers (manager-managed). The members are not personally liable for the company’s debts or liabilities, providing them with protection similar to that of an LLP.

Liability protection

Partners in an LLP enjoy limited liability, meaning they are not personally liable for the debts or obligations of the business beyond their contribution to the partnership. However, if a partner engages in fraudulent or wrongful activities, they could still be personally liable for their actions.

LLC members also have limited liability, meaning they are generally not personally responsible for the company’s debts or liabilities. The LLC itself is a separate legal entity, so any financial obligations fall on the company, not the individual members. Similar to an LLP, members are protected unless they personally guarantee a debt or engage in illegal activities.

Decision making and management

In an LLP, all partners typically have a say in the management and operation of the business, unless otherwise specified in the LLP agreement. It is a more flexible structure in terms of decision-making since there is no requirement for a formal management team.

LLCs can be either member-managed or manager-managed. In a member-managed LLC, all members participate in managing the business, while in a manager-managed LLC, the members appoint managers to run the operations. This offers more structure compared to an LLP, especially for larger businesses.

Ownership transfer

Ownership in an LLP is typically not as easily transferable as in an LLC. Partners usually need to approve the admission of new partners or the transfer of ownership. This limits the liquidity and transferability of ownership interests.

Ownership in an LLC can be transferred more easily than in an LLP, depending on the terms of the operating agreement. LLCs can issue membership interests that can be bought or sold, making it easier to bring in new investors or transfer ownership.

LLP vs LP

An LP refers to a Limited Partnership, which is different from an LLP.

An LLP (Limited Liability Partnership) and an LP (Limited Partnership) are both business structures that involve multiple partners but differ in terms of liability and management.

In an LLP, all partners share equal responsibility for managing the business and enjoy limited liability, meaning their personal assets are protected from business debts. However, all partners are involved in decision-making unless specified otherwise in the agreement.

In contrast, an LPconsists of general partners and limited partners. General partners manage the business and have unlimited liability, while limited partners are only liable up to the amount of their investment and do not participate in the day-to-day operations.

The key difference lies in the roles and liabilities of the partners. In an LLP, all partners have equal liability protection and management control, whereas, in an LP, the general partners hold the management responsibility and are personally liable, while limited partners have liability protection but no management involvement.

The choice between the two structures depends on the desired level of involvement in business operations and the type of liability protection needed.

What are the advantages of LLP?

Wondering why you should choose LLP over other business registrations? Have a look:

  • Easy & quick to build: Building an LLP is a simple process. It does not have complicated steps and requirements and neither does it take months of waiting time. The minimum amount of fees for incorporating an LLP is INR 500 and the maximum that can be spent is INR 5,600
  • Continuity in succession: The life of the LLP is not affected by the death or retirement of any of the partners. If one of the partners withdraws because of any reasons, it does not mean that the LLP gets wound up. An LLP can only be shut down on the basis of the provisions of the Limited Liability Protection Act  of 2008
  • Limited liability: All the partners of the LLP have limited liability, which means that the partners are not liable to pay the debts of the company from their personal assets. No partner is responsible for any other partner’s misbehaviour or misconduct
  • Streamlines management: All the major decisions and management activities in an LLP are taken care of by the board of directors hence the shareholders receive very less power in making decisions
  • Hassle-free transfers: There are no restrictions on joining and leaving an LLP. One can easily admit as a partner and transfer the ownership to others
  • Taxation benefits: An LLP is exempt from various taxes such as dividend distribution tax and minimum alternative tax. Also, the rate of tax is less when compared to other business types
  • No compulsory audit requirements: There is no mandatory audit requirement for an LLP until the company exceeds the annual turnover of INR 40 lakhs

What are the disadvantages of LLP?

  • Not covered in all States: In India, there are certain variations in tax benefits from State to State. There are also cases when States restrict the formation of LLP. This is one of the major disadvantages of an LLP
  • Less credibility: An LLP has many benefits but the fact is that people do not consider LLPs to be a credible business. People still trust companies or partnerships over LLPs
  • Differences amongst partners: Since each partner is responsible for their own part, there are cases when partners do not consult each other before proceeding with a decision or agreement
  • Transfer of interest: Though interest and ownership can be transferred, it usually is a long procedure. Various formalities are required to comply with the provisions of the Limited Liability Partnership Act

Related Read: LLP Advantages and Disadvantages

Documentation requirements for registering an LLP (2025)

Before you start with the procedure of registering an LLP or make changes in an existing LLP, have a look at the list of documents you might need:

  • Form 7 is required to obtain a Designated Partner Identification Number (DIN) while registering your LLP. It may be sought from the MCA website. Along with the duly completed form, a registration fee of INR 100 must also be paid
  • Form 1/ RUN-LLP is required to register a name for the LLP and reserve it. It may be used to christen an LLP or to alter the present name. The fee for submitting this form is Rs 10,000
  • A request must also be filed by the partners for their DSC to be registered if it hasn’t already been done before
  • Form 2/FiLLiP is required for incorporating a registered LLP. This form must be sent to and acknowledged by the concerned State’s Registrar
  • An LLP agreement must be made, which outlines the duties of each partner involved. This requires the filling and submitting of Form 3
  • In the case of changing, altering, adding or removing partners, the partners must submit Form 4
  • Form 11 must be used to file the IT returns of the LLP
  • If the office address of the LLP is to be changed, then Form 15 must be filed

How to form a Limited Liability Proprietorship

As mentioned earlier, forming an LLP is easy and quick. Before you get started, obtain a DSC or Digital Signature Certificate as the following steps will require it. File for one if you don’t already have one. Further, here are the steps involved in forming an LLP. You can visit mca.gov.in and follow the steps listed below:

  1. Issue a Designated Partner Identification Number for yourself, which serves as an ID card
  2. File Form 7 and pay the required fees
  3. Register a name for your LLP using Form 1 and pay Rs 200
  4. Incorporate the LLP via Form 2. The LLP agreement must also be made at this stage
  5. File the LLP Agreement as per Section 2(o) of the LLP Act, 2008 using Form 3

With the above-mentioned steps, you are all set to start an LLP of your own.

Frequently Asked Questions

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Private Limited Company
(Pvt. Ltd.)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Service-based businesses
  • Businesses looking to issue shares
  • Businesses seeking investment through equity-based funding


Limited Liability Partnership
(LLP)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Professional services 
  • Firms seeking any capital contribution from Partners
  • Firms sharing resources with limited liability 

One Person Company
(OPC)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Freelancers, Small-scale businesses
  • Businesses looking for minimal compliance
  • Businesses looking for single-ownership

Private Limited Company
(Pvt. Ltd.)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
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  • Service-based businesses
  • Businesses looking to issue shares
  • Businesses seeking investment through equity-based funding


One Person Company
(OPC)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Freelancers, Small-scale businesses
  • Businesses looking for minimal compliance
  • Businesses looking for single-ownership

Private Limited Company
(Pvt. Ltd.)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Service-based businesses
  • Businesses looking to issue shares
  • Businesses seeking investment through equity-based funding


Limited Liability Partnership
(LLP)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Professional services 
  • Firms seeking any capital contribution from Partners
  • Firms sharing resources with limited liability 

Frequently Asked Questions

What should an LLP agreement include?

Typical clauses cover the registered office, business nature, rights and duties of partners, contributions and profit-sharing, voting rights, process for adding or removing partners, transfers, and dispute resolution mechanisms.

Who can become a partner, and what are the rules around it?

  • A minimum of two partners is required. If the number drops below two for over six months, the remaining partner can be held personally liable.
  • Partners can be individuals or corporations. Foreign partners must adhere to FDI norms and make contributions through approved banking channels at fair market value.
  • What are the compliance obligations for LLPs?

    Every LLP must file:

    • Form 8 (Statement of Account & Solvency), and
    • Form 11 (Annual Return)
      within 60 days from the end of the financial year (by May 30th for FY ending March 31).

    How is an LLP taxed?

    LLPs are taxed at a flat rate of 30% (plus surcharge and cess). They are exempt from dividend distribution tax, and partners are taxed individually when profits are distributed.

    Can existing businesses convert to an LLP?

    Yes, existing structures like private companies or partnership firms can convert to an LLP by following specific processes laid out in the LLP Act.

    Swagatika Mohapatra

    Swagatika Mohapatra is a storyteller & content strategist. She currently leads content and community at Razorpay Rize, a founder-first initiative that supports early-stage & growth-stage startups in India across tech, D2C, and global export categories.

    Over the last 4+ years, she’s built a stronghold in content strategy, UX writing, and startup storytelling. At Rize, she’s the mind behind everything from founder playbooks and company registration explainers to deep-dive blogs on brand-building, metrics, and product-market fit.

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    Difference between Private Limited Company, OPC and LLP in India

    Difference between Private Limited Company, OPC and LLP in India

    Are you an aspiring entrepreneur ready to make your business official? If so, one of the critical decisions you'll need to make is choosing the right business structure. From Private Limited Companies (PLCs) to Limited Liability Partnerships (LLPs) to One Person Companies (OPCs), each structure offers its own set of advantages and considerations.

    In this blog, we'll explore the nuances (features & differences) of these three popular business structures - Private Limited, LLP, and OPC—and provide insights to help you make an informed decision that aligns with your entrepreneurial goals.

    Table of Contents

    Difference between Private Limited, LLPs & OPCs

    Private Limited Company Limited Liability Partnership One Person Company
    Governing Act Governed by the Companies Act Governed by the Limited Liability Partnerships Act Governed by the Companies Act
    Suitable For Financial Services, Tech Startups, Medium Enterprises Consultancy firms, Professional Services Franchises, Retail Stores, Small Businesses
    Shareholders/Partners Minimum Shareholders - 2
    Maximum Shareholders - 200
    Minimum Partners - 2
    Maximum Partners - Unlimited
    Minimum Shareholders - 1
    Maximum Shareholders - 1
    (Maximum Directors can be 15)
    Nominee Not required Not required One Nominee mandatory
    Minimum Capital Requirement No minimum capital requirement, but it is often advised to set the authorized capital at INR 1,00,000 (One Lakh) No minimum capital requirement, but it is often advisable to consider an initial capital of INR 10,000 No minimum paid-up capital requirement exists. However, the minimum authorized capital required is INR 1,00,000 (One Lakh)
    Tax Rates The basic tax rate, excluding Surcharge and Cess is 25% The standard fixed rate is 30% on their generated earnings. The applicable Tax rate would be 25%, excluding cess and surcharge
    Fundraising Easier to raise funds from Investors Raising funds can be challenging Limited options for Fundraising
    DPIIT Recognition Eligible for DPIIT recognition Eligible for DPIIT recognition Ineligible for DPIIT recognition
    Transfer of Shares Shares can be easily transferred by amending AOA Transfer of partnership rights may require the consent of other partners and is generally more complex Transfer of shares isn't possible; it can only be done in case of transfer of ownership
    ESOPs Can issue ESOPs to the Employees Unable to issue ESOPs to the Employees Unable to issue ESOPs to the Employees
    Agreements Duties, Responsibilities, and other basic clauses outlined in MOA and AOA Duties, Responsibilities, and other basic clauses outlined in the LLP Agreement Duties, Responsibilities, and other basic clauses outlined in MOA and AOA
    Compliances
    • More compliance costs
    • Mandatory 4 Board Meetings
    • Mandatory Statutory Audits
    • Mandatory filings includes Annual financial statements in form AOC-4 and annual returns in Form MGT-7, etc.
    • Less Compliance Costs
    • No Mandatory Board Meetings
    • Statutory Audits are not required if turnover is less than 40 Lakhs, or capital contribution is less than 25 Lakhs.
    • Mandatory filings include Annual financial statements in Form 8 and annual returns in Form 11.
    • Less Compliance Costs
    • Minimum 2 Board Meetings
    • Mandatory Audits
    Foreign Directors/Partners NRIs and Foreign Nationals can be Directors NRIs and Foreign Nationals can be Partners No foreign directors are allowed
    Foreign Direct Investment Eligible through Automatic route Eligible through Automatic route Not eligible for FDI
    Mandatory Conversion No mandatory conversion No mandatory conversion If annual turnover exceeds Rs. 2 Crores or paid-up capital exceeds Rs. 50 lakhs, then mandatory conversion into a private limited company

    Now that we've introduced the differences between these three types, let's explore their features and registration processes more thoroughly. This will help you determine which one is the most suitable for your business needs.

    Private Limited Company: Features

    In India, the Private Limited Company stands as the predominant choice for company registration, governed by the Companies Act of 2013 under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA). This structure is favoured by startups and businesses aspiring for growth and stability, owing to its adaptable ownership model and efficient management practices.

    Outlined below are some key characteristics of a Private Limited Company:

    1. Limited Liability

    • Shareholders enjoy limited liability, safeguarding personal assets from business debts.

    2. Separate Legal Entity

    • Regarded as a distinct legal entity from its shareholders, allowing it to engage in contracts, own assets, and litigate under its name.

    3. Ownership

    • Owned by shareholders who possess shares in the company, with ownership transfer facilitated through share transactions.

    4. Management

    • Managed by appointed Directors, while day-to-day operations are overseen by management, with significant decisions often requiring shareholder approval.

    5. Shareholders

    • Requires a minimum of two shareholders and can accommodate a maximum of 200.

    6. Regulation and Compliance

    • Governed by the Companies Act and regulated by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs, mandating compliance with annual financial filings, general meetings, and statutory record maintenance.

    7. Investment and Funding

    • Attracts investment and funding relatively easily due to its defined ownership structure and limited liability feature.

    Private Limited Company: Registration in India

    The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) has introduced a streamlined and online process for company incorporation known as Simplified Proforma for Incorporating Company Electronically Plus (SPICe+), comprising two parts: Part A and Part B.

    The steps are as follows:

    1. Step 1: Apply for DSC

    • Obtain a Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) from Certifying Agencies (CAs) with either one or two-year validity.

    2. Step 2: Apply for Name Approval

    • Apply for name using SPICe+ Part A which facilitates 'Name Reservation' with the provision for two proposed names and one re-submission (RSUB).

    Note: While simultaneous application for name approval (Part A) and Incorporation (Part B) through SPICe+ is feasible, only one name can be reserved.

    3. Step 3: Apply for Company Registration & Other Applications

    • Following name approval, apply for Company Registration using SPICe+ Part B, which also includes the application for allotment of Director Identification Number (DIN), Permanent Account Number (PAN), Tax Deduction and Collection Account Number (TAN), etc.

    4. Step 4: Apply for a Bank Account

    • Open a current account for your company to facilitate seamless financial transactions and business operations.

    5. Step 5: File the Commencement of Business Certificate

    • Within 180 days of incorporation, file the Commencement of Business Certificate through Form INC-20A, which is a declaration submitted by the Director of the Company to the Registrar of Companies.

    Upon approval of the SPICe+ Form, the Registrar of Companies (ROC) issues the Certificate of Incorporation, confirming the successful registration of your company.

    The Certificate of Incorporation includes vital information such as the Company's name, registration number (CIN), date of incorporation, registered office address, and so on.

    Example of CIN: U72200KA2013PTC097389

    Read more about what each letter in a CIN signifies here.

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    Limited Liability Partnerships: Features

    A Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) is a business structure that combines features from both traditional partnerships and limited companies. And, LLPs are often favoured by professional services firms, small businesses, and ventures seeking the blend of partnership flexibility and limited liability protection.

    Key characteristics of an LLP include:

    1. Limited Liability

    • Partners in an LLP benefit from limited liability akin to private limited companies.

    2. Separate Legal Entity

    • An LLP exists as a distinct legal entity from its partners, capable of owning assets, entering contracts, and engaging in legal proceedings independently.

    3. Ownership

    • Partners own the LLP, with the ownership structure outlined in the LLP agreement. Ownership transfer typically requires consent from other partners.

    4. Management

    • Managed by partners or a designated management team as specified in the LLP agreement. Decision-making is often collaborative, with each partner having an equal say.

    5. Number of Partners

    • Requires a minimum of two partners, with no maximum limit.

    6. Regulation and Compliance

    • Governed by the Limited Liability Partnership Act in India, featuring less stringent regulatory requirements compared to private limited companies. Compliance entails filing annual returns and maintaining statutory records.

    7. Flexibility

    • Offers enhanced flexibility in internal management and decision-making processes compared to private limited companies.

    Limited Liability Partnerships: Registration in India

    Establishing a Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) as a legally recognized business structure involves several crucial steps. Here is a brief and comprehensive outline of the LLP registration process.

    1. Step 1: Obtain a DSC

    • Obtain a Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) from Certifying agencies. To know more about the process, click here.

    2. Step 2: Apply for Name Reservation

    • Reserve an LLP's name via the LLP-RUN form, overseen by the Central Registration Centre. Up to two names can be proposed.

    3. Submit the FiLLiP Form

    • Fill out the FiLLiP form and submit it to the Registrar along with the Subscriber sheet and Director's consent (Form DIR-9).

    4. Draft & File the LLP Agreement

    • File the LLP Agreement using Form 3 on the MCA portal within 30 days of registration.

    Upon approval of the FiLLiP Form by the Registrar of Companies (ROC), you will receive the Certificate of Incorporation, which has important details such as the LLP's name, registration number (LLPIN), date of incorporation, registered office address, and so on.

    Example of LLPIN: AAA-1234

    {{llp-cta}}

    One Person Companies: Features

    One Person Companies (OPCs) present a unique business structure where a single individual can establish and manage a company. Combining aspects of a Private Limited Company and the advantages of Sole Proprietorship, OPCs cater to entrepreneurs and business owners who handle all ownership, operation, and management duties themselves.

    1. Sole Ownership

    • An OPC is solely owned and managed by a single individual, referred to as the sole shareholder or member.

    2. Limited Liability

    • Like other corporate structures, OPCs offer limited liability protection to the sole owner.

    3. Separate Legal Entity

    • OPCs are recognized as separate legal entities independent of the sole owner. This legal distinction enables you to enter contracts, own assets, and participate in legal proceedings under your company’s name.

    4. Perpetual Succession

    • Despite having only one member, OPCs feature perpetual succession. A nominee appointed during incorporation typically assumes control in the absence of the sole member.

    By combining limited liability, separate legal entity status, and simplified operations, OPCs emerge as an appealing choice for small businesses and startups led by single entrepreneurs.

    One Person Company: Registration in India

    Due to their similarities with private limited companies, OPCs also employ SPICe+ for their company registration process.

    SPICe+ (Simplified Proforma for Incorporating Company Electronically Plus) is a comprehensive online form introduced by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) in India to streamline and simplify the company registration process.

    1. Step 1: Apply for DSC

    • Obtain a Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) from any Certifying Agencies in India.

    2. Step 2: Submit Part A of SPICe+ Form (If filled separately)

    • Apply for name approval using Part A of the SPICe+ form, allowing for submission of up to two proposed names and one re-submission.

    3. Step 3: Draft the MoA & AoA

    • Draft the Memorandum of Association (MoA) and Articles of Association (AoA) detailing the company's objectives and rules.

    4. Step 4: Submit Part B of SPICe+ Form

    • Submit Part B of the SPICe+ form along with necessary documents, including DSC, MoA, AoA, and declarations. Pay the prescribed fee for registration.

    5. Step 5: Appoint a Nominee

    • Appoint a nominee director as required by OPC regulations.

    6. Step 6: File for the Commencement of Business Certificate

    • Within 180 days of incorporation, file for the Commencement of Business Certificate (Form INC-20A) with the Registrar of Companies.

    Upon successful approval of the SPICe+ Form, you’ll receive an email notification from the MCA containing the Certificate of Incorporation (COI) and PAN and TAN details of the Company.

    The certificate of Incorporation (COI) includes crucial details such as the Company Name, Registration Number (CIN), Date of Incorporation, Registered Office Address, Company Structure, and more.

    {{opc-cta}}

    For added clarity, check out our curated collection of sample templates, where you can download and customize most of these above-mentioned templates, as required.

    Company Registration with Razorpay Rize

    Razorpay Rize provides a wide array of services to facilitate an end-to-end streamlined company registration process, all at the lowest fees and without any hidden charges. Explore the different legal structures below to find the one that’s best for your business.

    {{company-cards}}

    Our package includes:

    • Company Name Registration
    • 2 Digital Signature Certificates (DSCs)
    • 2 Directors’ Identification Numbers (DINs)
    • Certificate of Incorporation(COI)
    • MoA & AoA [Applicable for Private Limited Companies and OPCs]
    • LLP Agreement [Applicable for LLPs]
    • Company PAN & TAN

    *Prices and documents can differ based on the company type.

    Find Out Which Company Type to Register

    If you operate a small business with limited resources, opting for LLP or OPC registration might be more favourable due to lighter compliance requirements. However, for larger businesses with substantial capital needs, registering as a Private Limited Company provides greater flexibility in raising funds. So, before proceeding with the registration of either a Private Limited Company, LLP, or OPC, it is essential to carefully evaluate the following factors.

    • Business Nature and Size
    • Fundraising Requirements
    • Tax Implications
    • Personal Liability Protection

    Ultimately, the choice between a Private Limited Company, LLP, or OPC structure depends on the unique characteristics of your business, including its nature, size, fundraising requirements, tax implications, and personal liability protection.

    Still confused about which company type to register with? We’ve got you covered! Introducing our latest tool - "Know Your Company Type."

    For the first time in India, answer a quick set of questions about your startup, and this tool will utilize your responses to identify the perfect company registration type for you. Find your ideal fit with just one click!

    {{know-your-company}}

    In summary, choosing between Private Limited Companies, OPCs, and LLPs depends on your business goals and preferences. Each structure offers unique benefits, whether it's scalability with Private Limited Companies, convenience with OPCs, or simplicity with LLPs. If you have any unanswered questions or want to get started with the company registration process, feel free to get in touch with us!

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    Private Limited Company
    (Pvt. Ltd.)

    1,499 + Govt. Fee
    BEST SUITED FOR
    • Service-based businesses
    • Businesses looking to issue shares
    • Businesses seeking investment through equity-based funding


    Limited Liability Partnership
    (LLP)

    1,499 + Govt. Fee
    BEST SUITED FOR
    • Professional services 
    • Firms seeking any capital contribution from Partners
    • Firms sharing resources with limited liability 

    One Person Company
    (OPC)

    1,499 + Govt. Fee
    BEST SUITED FOR
    • Freelancers, Small-scale businesses
    • Businesses looking for minimal compliance
    • Businesses looking for single-ownership

    Private Limited Company
    (Pvt. Ltd.)

    1,499 + Govt. Fee
    BEST SUITED FOR
    • Service-based businesses
    • Businesses looking to issue shares
    • Businesses seeking investment through equity-based funding


    One Person Company
    (OPC)

    1,499 + Govt. Fee
    BEST SUITED FOR
    • Freelancers, Small-scale businesses
    • Businesses looking for minimal compliance
    • Businesses looking for single-ownership

    Private Limited Company
    (Pvt. Ltd.)

    1,499 + Govt. Fee
    BEST SUITED FOR
    • Service-based businesses
    • Businesses looking to issue shares
    • Businesses seeking investment through equity-based funding


    Limited Liability Partnership
    (LLP)

    1,499 + Govt. Fee
    BEST SUITED FOR
    • Professional services 
    • Firms seeking any capital contribution from Partners
    • Firms sharing resources with limited liability 

    Frequently Asked Questions

    Nipun Jain

    Nipun Jain is a seasoned startup leader with 13+ years of experience across zero-to-one journeys, leading enterprise sales, partnerships, and strategy at high-growth startups. He currently heads Razorpay Rize, where he's building India's most loved startup enablement program and launched Rize Incorporation to simplify company registration for founders.

    Previously, he founded Natty Niños and scaled it before exiting in 2021, then led enterprise growth at Pickrr Technologies, contributing to its $200M acquisition by Shiprocket. A builder at heart, Nipun loves numbers, stories and simplifying complex processes.

    Read more

    Rize.Start

    Hassle free company registration through Razorpay Rize

    in just 1,499 + Govt. Fee
    With ₹0 hidden charges

    Make your business ready to scale. Become an incorporated company through Razorpay Rize.

    Made with ❤️ for founders

    View our wall of love

    Smooth onboarding, seamless incorporation and a wonderful community. Thanks to the #razorpayrize team! #rizeincorporation
    Dhaval Trivedi
    Basanth Verma
    shopeg.in
    Exciting news! Incorporation of our company, FoxSell, with Razorpay Rize was extremely smooth and straightforward. We highly recommend them. Thank you Razorpay Rize for making it easy to set up our business in India.
    @foxsellapp
    #razorpayrize #rizeincorporation
    Dhaval Trivedi
    Prakhar Shrivastava
    foxsell.app
    We would recommend Razorpay Rize incorporation services to any founder without a second doubt. The process was beyond efficient and show's razorpay founder's commitment and vision to truly help entrepreneur's and early stage startups to get them incorporated with ease. If you wanna get incorporated, pick them. Thanks for the help Razorpay.

    #entrepreneur #tbsmagazine #rize #razorpay #feedback
    Dhaval Trivedi
    TBS Magazine
    Hey, Guys!
    We just got incorporated yesterday.
    Thanks to Rize team for all the Support.
    It was a wonderful experience.
    CHEERS 🥂
    #entrepreneur #tbsmagazine #rize #razorpay #feedback
    Dhaval Trivedi
    Nayan Mishra
    https://zillout.com/
    Smooth onboarding, seamless incorporation and a wonderful community. Thanks to the #razorpayrize team! #rizeincorporation
    Dhaval Trivedi
    Basanth Verma
    shopeg.in
    Exciting news! Incorporation of our company, FoxSell, with Razorpay Rize was extremely smooth and straightforward. We highly recommend them. Thank you Razorpay Rize for making it easy to set up our business in India.
    @foxsellapp
    #razorpayrize #rizeincorporation
    Dhaval Trivedi
    Prakhar Shrivastava
    foxsell.app
    We would recommend Razorpay Rize incorporation services to any founder without a second doubt. The process was beyond efficient and show's razorpay founder's commitment and vision to truly help entrepreneur's and early stage startups to get them incorporated with ease. If you wanna get incorporated, pick them. Thanks for the help Razorpay.

    #entrepreneur #tbsmagazine #rize #razorpay #feedback
    Dhaval Trivedi
    TBS Magazine
    Hey, Guys!
    We just got incorporated yesterday.
    Thanks to Rize team for all the Support.
    It was a wonderful experience.
    CHEERS 🥂
    #entrepreneur #tbsmagazine #rize #razorpay #feedback
    Dhaval Trivedi
    Nayan Mishra
    https://zillout.com/