Startup India Seed Fund Scheme

May 15, 2024
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As a part of the “Startup India” program, the Startup India Seed Fund Scheme was introduced in 2021 to facilitate the process of creating a robust startup ecosystem and providing financial assistance to startups for proof of concept, prototype development, product trials, market-entry, and commercialization.

Description Who is it for? Benefits
To provide monetary support for proof of concept, prototype development, product trials, market, and commercialization Startups using Technology as their core product or service Under this scheme, Financial assistance up to Rs. 50 lakh will be provided to startups at an early stage through incubators
Startup India Seed Fund Scheme

Table of Contents

Eligibility

  • Should be recognised by DPIIT.
  • Startups should not have received more than Rs 10 lakh of monetary support under other significant government schemes.
  • The Startup shall have been in existence for no more than two years at the time of application.
  • Should be using technology as its core product or service to create innovative solutions in different sectors.
  • Must have a business idea to develop the product with a scope of scaling
  • According to the Companies Act of 2013 and the SEBI (ICDR) Regulations of 2018, Indian promoters must own at least 51 percent of the company at the time of application to the incubator.
  • The seed support is generally available in grants and debt/convertible debentures.

Application procedure for Startups

The application procedure for availing the seed fund from the incubators by the startups under the StartUp India Seed Fund Scheme is as follows:

Startup India Registration

  • Go to https://seedfund.startupindia.gov.in/.
  • On the top right side of the homepage, click the 'Login' button, then the 'Create an Account' option at the bottom of the "Login" tab.
  • The ‘Startup India’ registration page will open.
  • After filling out the form, click the 'Register' button.
  • An OTP will be sent. Enter the OTP and click the ‘Submit’ button.

Startup India Seed Fund Application

  • Go to the website again and click on the ‘Apply Now’ button on the right-hand side of the homepage.
  • Click on the ‘Apply Now’ button under the ‘For Startups’ option and log in using the username and password registered.
  • The application form will open. Put in all the details, upload the documents, and click on the ‘Submit’ button.
  • The application will be submitted for the selection of the startup.

Selection of Startups for the Scheme

The Eligible Incubator will select startups for this scheme based on the following criteria:

  • Idea
  • Feasibility
  • Novelty
  • Fund Utilization Plan
  • Business Plan
  • Presentation
  • Potential Impact

Benefits

To register a company in the U.S., several essential criteria must be met.

  • Under this scheme, up to Rs 50 lakh in financial assistance will be provided to startups at an early stage through incubators.
  • The incubator will disburse the seed fund to an eligible startup:
    - As a grant for validation of “prototype development, proof of concept or product trials”-  
    Up to Rs. 20 Lakh        
    - Investment for commercialization, market-entry, or scaling up through debt-linked instruments -
    Up to Rs. 50 Lakh
  • Once incubated, physical infrastructure, testing support, mentoring for prototype or commercialization, human resources, and legal compliances are provided to the startups, all by the incubators.
  • For eligible startups, income tax and capital gains tax exemptions are available.

Post funding process

Each incubator must track specific criteria for each beneficiary startup. Every beneficiary startup must present the reports to its incubators periodically. The data is submitted to Startup India in real-time via their web dashboards and further to the EAC quarterly. Each Startup’s return on investment is also reported by the designated incubator.

  • Proof of concept
  • Prototype development
  • Progress of product development & field trials
  • Turnover of startup
  • Progress of market launch
  • Quantum of loan, angel, or VC funding raised
  • Jobs created by startup

Frequently Asked Questions

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Private Limited Company
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1,499 + Govt. Fee
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  • Service-based businesses
  • Businesses looking to issue shares
  • Businesses seeking investment through equity-based funding


Limited Liability Partnership
(LLP)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Professional services 
  • Firms seeking any capital contribution from Partners
  • Firms sharing resources with limited liability 

One Person Company
(OPC)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Freelancers, Small-scale businesses
  • Businesses looking for minimal compliance
  • Businesses looking for single-ownership

Private Limited Company
(Pvt. Ltd.)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Service-based businesses
  • Businesses looking to issue shares
  • Businesses seeking investment through equity-based funding


One Person Company
(OPC)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Freelancers, Small-scale businesses
  • Businesses looking for minimal compliance
  • Businesses looking for single-ownership

Private Limited Company
(Pvt. Ltd.)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Service-based businesses
  • Businesses looking to issue shares
  • Businesses seeking investment through equity-based funding


Limited Liability Partnership
(LLP)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Professional services 
  • Firms seeking any capital contribution from Partners
  • Firms sharing resources with limited liability 

Frequently Asked Questions

Related Posts

Digital Entrepreneur: Definition, Key Traits & How to Become One

Digital Entrepreneur: Definition, Key Traits & How to Become One

The rise of digital technology has completely changed how businesses are built. Today, anyone with an internet connection and a great idea can become an entrepreneur! Unlike traditional businesses that rely on physical stores or offices, digital entrepreneurs use online platforms, digital tools, and automation to create, market, and sell their products or services.

This shift has made starting a business easier than ever—you can launch from your laptop, scale globally, and reach customers 24/7. In this blog, we’ll break down what it means to be a digital entrepreneur, the must-have traits for success, and a step-by-step guide to turning your idea into a thriving online business.

Table of Contents

Who is a Digital Entrepreneur?

A digital entrepreneur is someone who builds and operates a business primarily online. They leverage digital tools, platforms, and technology to create and sell products or services. This can include e-commerce businesses, online courses, content creation, software-as-a-service (SaaS), and more.

Unlike traditional entrepreneurs who rely on physical storefronts or services, digital entrepreneurs operate in the virtual space, maximising global reach and scalability.

Is Digital Entrepreneurship on The Rise?

Yes! The digital entrepreneurship trend has grown significantly due to factors such as:

This model has gained immense popularity due to advancements in , where people prefer personalised shopping experiences and direct engagement with brands.

  • Increased internet accessibility
  • Advancements in digital marketing
  • Changing consumer behaviour toward online shopping and services
  • Growth of remote work opportunities
  • Rise of automation and AI-driven business models

Recent statistics show a significant increase in e-commerce and online-based businesses, highlighting the shift towards digital entrepreneurship.

Digital Entrepreneur Vs Traditional Entrepreneur

Key Differences:

Feature Digital Entrepreneur Traditional Entrepreneur
Business model Online-based Physical storefronts or services
Investment Low startup costs High capital investment
Scalability High, global reach Limited to physical locations
Customer acquisition Digital marketing strategies In-person sales & marketing
Flexibility Work from anywhere Location-dependent

What Are The Traits Of a Digital Entrepreneur?

Becoming a successful digital entrepreneur requires more than just a great idea—it takes a unique mix of skills and mindset to navigate the fast-paced online world. Here are the essential traits that set digital entrepreneurs apart:

  1. Adaptability – Ability to pivot based on market trends.
  2. Creativity – Innovative problem-solving and branding skills.
  3. Tech-Savviness – Understanding of digital tools and platforms.
  4. Risk-Taking – Willingness to experiment with new strategies.
  5. Data-Driven Thinking – Leveraging analytics for informed decision-making.
  6. Strong Digital Marketing Skills – Proficiency in SEO, social media, and content marketing.

What Does a Digital Entrepreneur Do?

Digital entrepreneurs engage in various activities, including:

  • Building and managing e-commerce businesses
  • Developing and selling digital products (eBooks, courses, software)
  • Leveraging social media for branding and marketing
  • Utilising SEO and paid ads to drive traffic
  • Managing customer relationships through CRM tools
  • Analysing market trends and optimising strategies

Benefits of Being a Digital Entrepreneur

  1. Low Startup Costs – No need for physical infrastructure.
  2. Global Reach – Ability to sell products or services worldwide.
  3. Flexible Work Schedule – Work from anywhere at any time.
  4. Passive Income Opportunities – Recurring revenue models like memberships and subscriptions.
  5. Scalability – Easy to expand and grow a digital business.

Limitations of Being a Digital Entrepreneur

  1. High Competition – Saturated online markets.
  2. Dependence on Technology – Reliance on digital tools and platforms.
  3. Cybersecurity Risks – Data breaches and online fraud concerns.
  4. Inconsistent Income – Revenue fluctuations based on demand and market changes.
  5. Continuous Learning – Rapidly evolving digital landscape requiring constant skill upgrades.

Why Become a Digital Entrepreneur? Top 5 Reasons!

1. Financial Independence

Becoming a digital entrepreneur means you're no longer trading time for money in the traditional sense. You can create multiple income streams from online courses, affiliate marketing, and digital products, to subscription-based services.

2. Flexibility and Work-Life Balance

No more rigid 9-to-5. As a digital entrepreneur, you set your own hours, build around your energy peaks, and work from wherever you feel most productive- home, café, co-working space, or even the beach.
This freedom allows you to spend more time with family, travel, or pursue personal interests while still growing a business that aligns with your lifestyle.

3. Reach a Global Audience

The internet removes geographical boundaries. You can launch a product in India and have your first customer in the US, Europe, or Southeast Asia within hours.

4. Business Scalability

Traditional businesses often require large teams, inventory, or physical space to grow. A digital business can scale rapidly without significant overhead. Automated systems, cloud tools, and digital marketing allow you to grow your impact and revenue exponentially with the same or fewer resources.

5. Opportunities for Passive Income

One of the biggest appeals of digital entrepreneurship is the potential to earn while you sleep. Once set up, digital assets like eBooks, online courses, memberships, or digital downloads can continue generating income without constant input.

Essential Skills Required to Become a Digital Entrepreneur

To succeed in digital entrepreneurship, one must develop key skills such as:

  • Digital Marketing (SEO, PPC, Social Media Marketing)
  • Content Creation (Blogs, Videos, Podcasts)
  • Social Media Management
  • Data Analytics & Market Research
  • Financial Management & Budgeting
  • Automation & CRM Tools Usage

How to Start Your Digital Entrepreneurship Journey: A Step-by-Step Guide

1. Identify a Niche

Your journey begins with clarity. Start by choosing a niche that blends your passion, skills, and real-world demand.
Ask yourself:

  • What topics or problems do I love talking about?
  • Where have I seen people willing to pay for solutions?
  • Can I offer something better, faster, or easier?

2. Validate Your Business Idea

Before you build, test the waters. Conduct market research to understand:

  • Who your ideal customer is
  • What problems do they face
  • What existing solutions exist (and how you can differentiate them)

Try this:

  • Launch a simple landing page with a lead magnet or waitlist
  • Post polls or surveys in niche communities
  • Offer a small-scale paid beta to early adopters

If people are willing to pay or share their email, you’re onto something.

3. Build an Online Presence

This is your digital storefront. A strong online presence builds trust and makes you discoverable.
Start with:

  • A simple, professional website (think: one-page intro, services, and contact form)
  • Clear branding and messaging
  • Social media profiles on platforms where your audience spends time (Instagram, LinkedIn, Twitter, etc.)

4. Develop a Digital Marketing Strategy

Now it’s time to attract, engage, and convert your audience.
An ideal digital marketing mix could include the following:

  • SEO: So you show up when people Google your niche
  • Content Marketing: Blogs, videos, or newsletters that build authority
  • Social Proof: Testimonials, case studies, user-generated content
  • Paid Ads: For targeted reach and faster growth

5. Monetize Your Business

Once you’ve built attention and trust, it’s time to turn value into revenue. Popular digital monetisation models include:

  • Selling digital products (eBooks, templates, courses)
  • Freemium + subscription (tools, communities, membership sites)
  • Affiliate marketing (earn by recommending tools/services you love)
  • E-commerce or dropshipping (selling physical products online)

6. Scale Your Business

With traction in place, shift focus to optimisation and scale:

  • Automate repetitive tasks (emails, invoicing, onboarding)
  • Hire freelancers or delegate support functions
  • Create systems to deliver value without your constant presence
  • Explore partnerships, international markets, or additional revenue streams

Tools and Resources for Digital Entrepreneurs

Here are essential tools digital entrepreneurs can use:

  • Website Builders: WordPress, Shopify, Wix
  • E-commerce Platforms: WooCommerce, BigCommerce
  • Digital Marketing Tools: Google Analytics, SEMrush, Mailchimp
  • Social Media Management: Hootsuite, Buffer
  • SEO Tools: Ahrefs, Moz
  • Financial Management: QuickBooks, Razorpay

2. Validate Your Business Idea

Before you build, test the waters. Conduct market research to understand:

  • Who your ideal customer is
  • What problems do they face
  • What existing solutions exist (and how you can differentiate them)

Try this:

  • Launch a simple landing page with a lead magnet or waitlist
  • Post polls or surveys in niche communities
  • Offer a small-scale paid beta to early adopters

If people are willing to pay or share their email, you’re onto something.

3. Build an Online Presence

This is your digital storefront. A strong online presence builds trust and makes you discoverable.
Start with:

  • A simple, professional website (think: one-page intro, services, and contact form)
  • Clear branding and messaging
  • Social media profiles on platforms where your audience spends time (Instagram, LinkedIn, Twitter, etc.)

4. Develop a Digital Marketing Strategy

Now it’s time to attract, engage, and convert your audience.
An ideal digital marketing mix could include the following:

  • SEO: So you show up when people Google your niche
  • Content Marketing: Blogs, videos, or newsletters that build authority
  • Social Proof: Testimonials, case studies, user-generated content
  • Paid Ads: For targeted reach and faster growth

5. Monetize Your Business

Once you’ve built attention and trust, it’s time to turn value into revenue. Popular digital monetisation models include:

  • Selling digital products (eBooks, templates, courses)
  • Freemium + subscription (tools, communities, membership sites)
  • Affiliate marketing (earn by recommending tools/services you love)
  • E-commerce or dropshipping (selling physical products online)

6. Scale Your Business

With traction in place, shift focus to optimisation and scale:

  • Automate repetitive tasks (emails, invoicing, onboarding)
  • Hire freelancers or delegate support functions
  • Create systems to deliver value without your constant presence
  • Explore partnerships, international markets, or additional revenue streams

How Razorpay Rize Helps Digital Entrepreneurs?

Razorpay Rize offers valuable solutions for digital entrepreneurs by providing:

  • Company Registration Assistance: Helping entrepreneurs legally establish their businesses as Private Limited, LLP & OPC.
  • Community: Building a strong community of 1,000+ early-stage founders to learn and grow together.
  • Dedicated programs: Running programs like Rize for YC and Pitch Perfect to help you pitch better, apply to YC, and raise funds.
  • Tools & Resources: Providing essential tools and resources like company registration, startup banking, and ready-to-use templates.

Final Thoughts

Digital entrepreneurship is a great way to start and grow a business with low upfront costs. With the right tools, skills, and mindset, anyone can build a profitable venture online. Whether it’s an eCommerce store, a coaching business, or a content brand, success comes from learning, staying creative, and adapting to change. There’s never been a better time to get started!

Frequently Asked Questions

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Register your One Person Company in just 1,499 + Govt. Fee

Register your business
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Register your Business starting at just 1,499 + Govt. Fee

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Register your Limited Liability Partnership in just 1,499 + Govt. Fee

Register your business

Private Limited Company
(Pvt. Ltd.)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Service-based businesses
  • Businesses looking to issue shares
  • Businesses seeking investment through equity-based funding


Limited Liability Partnership
(LLP)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Professional services 
  • Firms seeking any capital contribution from Partners
  • Firms sharing resources with limited liability 

One Person Company
(OPC)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Freelancers, Small-scale businesses
  • Businesses looking for minimal compliance
  • Businesses looking for single-ownership

Private Limited Company
(Pvt. Ltd.)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Service-based businesses
  • Businesses looking to issue shares
  • Businesses seeking investment through equity-based funding


One Person Company
(OPC)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Freelancers, Small-scale businesses
  • Businesses looking for minimal compliance
  • Businesses looking for single-ownership

Private Limited Company
(Pvt. Ltd.)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Service-based businesses
  • Businesses looking to issue shares
  • Businesses seeking investment through equity-based funding


Limited Liability Partnership
(LLP)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Professional services 
  • Firms seeking any capital contribution from Partners
  • Firms sharing resources with limited liability 

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I identify a market for my digital business?

Start by exploring what you're passionate about and combine that with real demand. Look for problems people face, check search trends, join online communities, and analyse what people are already paying for. A good market has demand, room for differentiation, and growth potential.

How do I manage the growth and scale of my digital company?

Use tools and systems to automate tasks, hire freelancers or small teams, and focus on what's working. Invest in marketing, improve your product or service, and stay close to customer feedback.

Do I need a lot of money to start a digital business?

Not necessarily. Many digital businesses can be started with a small budget. You can begin with a simple website, free tools, and organic marketing. Start lean, validate fast, and reinvest profits into growth.

How can I validate my digital business idea before launching?

Talk to potential customers, create a landing page or MVP, run surveys or offer a pre-sale. The goal is to test interest and willingness to pay before investing too much time.

How do digital entrepreneurs make money?

They earn through various models like:

  • Selling digital products (eBooks, courses, templates)
  • Offering services or consulting
  • Running online stores (eCommerce)
  • Subscriptions or memberships
  • Affiliate marketing and ads

Choose the model that best fits your skills and audience.

Swagatika Mohapatra

Swagatika Mohapatra is a storyteller & content strategist. She currently leads content and community at Razorpay Rize, a founder-first initiative that supports early-stage & growth-stage startups in India across tech, D2C, and global export categories.

Over the last 4+ years, she’s built a stronghold in content strategy, UX writing, and startup storytelling. At Rize, she’s the mind behind everything from founder playbooks and company registration explainers to deep-dive blogs on brand-building, metrics, and product-market fit.

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Promoting Innovations in Individuals, Startups and MSMEs (PRISM)

Promoting Innovations in Individuals, Startups and MSMEs (PRISM)

Promoting Innovations in Individuals, Startups, and MSMEs (PRISM) is a program that offers grants, technical support, and mentorship to individual innovators, including students, guiding them through each stage of incubating their ideas into new enterprises.

Description Who is it for? Benefits
To provide grants, technical advice, and mentorship to individual innovators, guiding them through the various stages of incubating their ideas until they transform into viable enterprises For Innovators in the technology area Upto INR 2,00,000 or 90% of the approved project cost for prototype or model development
The essentials of US Incorporations - documents, eligibility and process.

This grant-aid support is implemented in phases:

  • Phase-1
    Category 1: For Proof of concept/prototype/models
    Category 2: For fabrication of working model/ process know-how/testing & trail/ patenting/ technology transfer, etc.
  • Phase-2
    For scaling up technology-based innovations, including patenting/design registration/trademark registry/ technology transfer to develop a marketable product/process towards enterprise creation.

Table of Contents

Eligibility

  • For PRISM Phase-1:
    Any Indian citizen, including student innovators, can avail support to develop their novel ideas into demonstrable models/prototypes.
  • For PRISM Phase-2:
    PRISM innovators who have demonstrated success or innovators who have proven their concepts with assistance from other government institutions or agencies.

Eligible Sectors for the Scheme

The proposals are encouraged to focus on sectors such as

  • Green Technology
  • Clean Energy
  • Industrial Smart Materials
  • Waste to Wealth
  • Affordable Healthcare
  • Water & Sewage Management
  • Other technology or knowledge-intensive areas.

Application procedure for Startups

  • Submit your project proposal following the prescribed format to the nearest TePP Outreach cum Cluster Innovation Centres (TOCICs). Here’s a list of TOCICs in India.
  • Once received, TOCIC coordinators will review proposals for completeness and forward them further.
  • Domain Knowledge Experts associated with TOCIC will then assess the proposals.
  • Evaluated proposals are forwarded to DSIR for further action and reviewed by the PRISM Advisory and Screening Committee (PASC) for recommendation.
  • Upon Department approval, "Terms & Conditions" must be signed before grants-in-aid release.
  • Initial fund release is based on project milestones and PASC recommendations. Subsequent releases depend on project progress evaluated by the Project Review Committee (PRC).
  • TOCIC and network partners, along with technical experts, will monitor approved projects.
  • TOCIC will provide project status reports to DSIR every 3 months, while PRCs will review project progress at least once every 9 months.
  • Upon successful project completion, the DSIR will accept the project completion report based on PRC recommendation.

Benefits of the PRISM Scheme

The PRISM Scheme includes various phases designed to support innovators in different stages of their project development. Each phase may involve different levels of support, resources, and guidance tailored to the specific needs of innovators.

  • For Phase-1:
    Category 1: Maximum support within this category is capped at INR 2,00,000 or 90% of the approved project cost, whichever is less.
    Category 2: Maximum support is limited to 20.00 lakh or 90% of the total project cost, whichever is lower.
  • For Phase-2:
    For projects with costs ranging from INR 5 Lakhs to INR 35 Lakhs, maximum support of either INR 20 Lakhs or 90% of the total project cost (whichever is lower) is provided.

Please note: If the project beneficiaries abandon the project, innovators must reimburse the funding disbursed, along with a 12% interest rate, to the DSIR.

Frequently Asked Questions

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Register your Business at just 1,499 + Govt. Fee

Register your business
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Register your Private Limited Company in just 1,499 + Govt. Fee

Register your business
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Register your One Person Company in just 1,499 + Govt. Fee

Register your business
rize image

Register your Business starting at just 1,499 + Govt. Fee

Register your business
rize image

Register your Limited Liability Partnership in just 1,499 + Govt. Fee

Register your business

Private Limited Company
(Pvt. Ltd.)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Service-based businesses
  • Businesses looking to issue shares
  • Businesses seeking investment through equity-based funding


Limited Liability Partnership
(LLP)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Professional services 
  • Firms seeking any capital contribution from Partners
  • Firms sharing resources with limited liability 

One Person Company
(OPC)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Freelancers, Small-scale businesses
  • Businesses looking for minimal compliance
  • Businesses looking for single-ownership

Private Limited Company
(Pvt. Ltd.)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Service-based businesses
  • Businesses looking to issue shares
  • Businesses seeking investment through equity-based funding


One Person Company
(OPC)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Freelancers, Small-scale businesses
  • Businesses looking for minimal compliance
  • Businesses looking for single-ownership

Private Limited Company
(Pvt. Ltd.)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Service-based businesses
  • Businesses looking to issue shares
  • Businesses seeking investment through equity-based funding


Limited Liability Partnership
(LLP)

1,499 + Govt. Fee
BEST SUITED FOR
  • Professional services 
  • Firms seeking any capital contribution from Partners
  • Firms sharing resources with limited liability 

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of the PRISM Scheme?

The PRISM Scheme aims to encourage innovation, research, and development activities among individuals, startups, and MSMEs by providing financial support and fostering a conducive ecosystem for growth and experimentation.

Can individuals or only organizations apply for the PRISM Scheme?

Both individuals and organizations, including startups and MSMEs, are eligible to apply for the PRISM Scheme as long as they meet the eligibility criteria outlined by the scheme.

Are there any specific criteria for project selection under the PRISM Scheme?

Projects are selected based on criteria such as innovation quotient, technical feasibility, market potential, scalability, and socio-economic impact.

Do projects funded under the PRISM Scheme get evaluated later?

Projects funded under the PRISM Scheme are subject to regular monitoring and evaluation to ensure compliance with project milestones, utilization of funds, and achievement of desired outcomes.

 Difference Between Sole Proprietorship and One Person Company

Difference Between Sole Proprietorship and One Person Company

When deciding between a One Person Company (OPC) and a Sole Proprietorship (SP), understanding their core differences is crucial. An OPC is a legal entity with limited liability, separate from its owner, which can be beneficial for protecting personal assets. In contrast, a Sole Proprietorship is not a separate legal entity; here, the owner bears full responsibility for business liabilities, making it simpler but riskier.

Factors such as liability, compliance requirements and tax benefits may impact your choice between OPC and SP. While OPC offers better legal protection, SP provides simplicity and minimal regulatory obligations.

This guide will evaluate opc vs sole proprietorship in detail. 

Table of Contents

What is One Person Company (OPC)?

A One Person Company (OPC) is a company structure in India that allows a single individual to establish a business with limited liability. It provides the benefits of a corporate entity while retaining the simplicity of sole ownership.

Unlike a sole proprietorship, an OPC is a separate legal entity. This means it can own assets, enter into contracts, and protect the owner's personal assets from business liabilities.

OPCs operate under regulatory requirements similar to private limited companies but are tailored for single ownership. Additionally, the member must appoint a nominee to take over the business in case of the owner's incapacity or death.

What is Sole Proprietorship?

A sole proprietorship is a simple business structure, where the business is owned and managed by one individual. This makes it ideal for small businesses or individual entrepreneurs. The meaning of a sole proprietor is essentially someone who is the sole beneficiary of all business profits and is personally liable for any debts incurred by the business. There is no particular Sole Proprietorship Act in India. 

Unlike a One Person Company, a sole proprietorship does not separate the business entity from the owner. This means that all legal, financial and operational responsibilities rest with the proprietor, who has full control over decision-making and retains all profits.

Operating as a sole proprietor allows for flexibility and ease in starting or closing a business. There are minimal regulatory formalities, although certain licences may be required for specific sectors, like medical or food services. 

One Person Company vs Sole Proprietorship

Here is a detailed analysis of the difference between sole proprietorship and one person company:

Criteria Sole Proprietorship One Person Company (OPC)
Definition An unincorporated business owned and operated by a single individual, making it the simplest business form. A business structure introduced under the Companies Act 2013, allowing a single person to own a company with limited liability.
Liability The owner has unlimited personal liability, meaning their personal assets are at risk for business debts. Offers limited liability protection to the owner, so personal assets are generally safeguarded from business liabilities.
Formation and Compliance Minimal formalities required for setup, as it is not registered under any specific act. Requires registration with the Registrar of Companies (RoC) and submission of documents like MoA and AoA.
Continuity Business depends entirely on the owner’s existence; it ends if the owner dies or is incapacitated. Separate legal entity status allows the OPC to continue even if the owner passes away, with a nominee assuming control.
Fundraising Limited to personal savings, bank loans or funds from informal sources, which can hinder growth. Better positioned for fundraising through equity shares, allowing more potential for expansion.
Taxation Income is taxed as per individual income tax slabs, making tax management straightforward. Taxed as a company with applicable corporate tax rates, requiring additional annual filings with RoC.
Business Name Generally uses the owner’s name or a trade name, with no specific suffix required. Must include “OPC” in the company name, as mandated by law.

Sole Proprietorship Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages of Sole Proprietorship

Quick Decision-Making

With full control, the sole proprietor can make prompt decisions, aiding responsiveness and agility in business operations.

Confidentiality

All business information remains private to the owner, enhancing operational discretion.

Ease of Formation and Low Costs

Starting a sole proprietorship involves fewer legal requirements, keeping setup costs low.

Direct Incentives

The owner retains all profits, providing direct motivation for business success.

Disadvantages of Sole Proprietorship

Unlimited Liability

The proprietor’s personal assets can be used to cover business debts, increasing financial risk.

Limited Access to Capital

Raising funds can be challenging, as sole proprietors often rely on personal savings or small loans.

Lack of Business Continuity

The business may end with the owner's incapacity, death or insolvency, impacting long-term stability.

Limited Specialisation

Managing all aspects of the business alone can hinder growth and focus on key areas.

One Person Company (OPC) Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages of One Person Company

Limited Liability

The owner's liability is limited to the capital invested, safeguarding personal assets from business debts.

Separate Legal Entity

Being legally distinct enhances the company's credibility and professionalism.

Tax Benefits

OPCs enjoy certain tax benefits, such as lower rates and deductions on business expenses.

Single Ownership with Control

The owner retains full control over operations, simplifying decision-making.

Disadvantages of One Person Company

Limited Funding Options

OPCs cannot raise funds from the public, which may restrict growth opportunities.

Compliance Requirements

Annual filings, account maintenance and meetings are required, adding to operational tasks.

Nominee Requirement

The need for a nominee can be limiting for owners wanting complete control.

Naming Restrictions

"One Person Company" must be part of the company’s name, reducing flexibility in branding.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Which is better, OPC or sole proprietorship?

When evaluating one person company vs sole proprietorship, the decision depends on your business goals. An OPC offers limited liability, protecting personal assets and provides credibility as a separate legal entity, which may attract investors. In contrast, a sole proprietorship is simpler to set up with fewer compliance requirements, but the owner is personally liable for business debts. 

Can a sole proprietorship be converted to OPC?

Yes, a sole proprietorship can be converted to an OPC. The process involves registering a new OPC and transferring the business’s assets and liabilities, following the regulations laid out by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA).

What are the tax benefits of OPC?

An OPC enjoys various tax benefits compared to a sole proprietorship. For example, OPCs can claim deductions on business expenses, such as salaries, office rent and travel costs. Additionally, OPCs benefit from lower corporate tax rates compared to individual tax rates applicable to sole proprietorships. 

How is OPC taxed?

An OPC is taxed as a private limited company, subject to corporate tax rates rather than individual tax rates. The current corporate tax rate in India for domestic companies is typically lower than the personal income tax rate applicable to sole proprietorships. 

Why is OPC a private company?

An OPC is classified as a private company because it operates with a single owner and has similar structural features to a private limited company, such as limited liability, a separate legal entity and compliance requirements. 

Can a sole proprietorship have employees?

Yes, a sole proprietorship can hire employees. The business owner, however, remains personally liable for any obligations or liabilities arising from employment, as the structure lacks limited liability protection.

Is a one person company the same as sole proprietorship?

No, a one person company is not the same as a sole proprietorship. While a one person company has a separate legal entity, a sole proprietorship does not have it. Moreover, the liability of the owner is limited in a one person company, as opposed to a sole proprietorship, where the owner’s liability is unlimited. 

Mukesh Goyal

Mukesh Goyal is a startup enthusiast and problem-solver, currently leading the Rize Company Registration Charter at Razorpay, where he’s helping simplify the way early-stage founders start and scale their businesses. With a deep understanding of the regulatory and operational hurdles that startups face, Mukesh is at the forefront of building founder-first experiences within India’s growing startup ecosystem.

An alumnus of FMS Delhi, Mukesh cracked CAT 2016 with a perfect 100 percentile- a milestone that opened new doors and laid the foundation for a career rooted in impact, scale, and community.

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Basanth Verma
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Exciting news! Incorporation of our company, FoxSell, with Razorpay Rize was extremely smooth and straightforward. We highly recommend them. Thank you Razorpay Rize for making it easy to set up our business in India.
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Prakhar Shrivastava
foxsell.app
We would recommend Razorpay Rize incorporation services to any founder without a second doubt. The process was beyond efficient and show's razorpay founder's commitment and vision to truly help entrepreneur's and early stage startups to get them incorporated with ease. If you wanna get incorporated, pick them. Thanks for the help Razorpay.

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TBS Magazine
Hey, Guys!
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