{"id":237,"date":"2016-03-15T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2016-03-14T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wp.razorpay.in\/?p=237"},"modified":"2023-09-27T21:55:49","modified_gmt":"2023-09-27T16:25:49","slug":"what-is-upi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/razorpay.com\/blog\/what-is-upi\/","title":{"rendered":"What is UPI after all?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"kg-card-markdown\">\n<p>India has come a long way in online payments in a very short period of time. With the launch of NEFT and IMPS, cash transfers between accounts has been made electronic, paperless and instant.<\/p>\n<p>NPCI (<a href=\"https:\/\/razorpay.com\/learn\/national-payments-corporation-of-india-services\/\">National Payments Corporation of India<\/a>) has recently launched UPI (Unified Payments Interface) as a new way to transfer money in India. This blog post&#8217;s content is based on a recent webinar. Watch the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=0Yyxor0VYsE\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">UPI webinar by razorpay<\/a> for more detail information.<\/p>\n<p>UPI holds the potential to change the face of online payments in India, but there is still a lot of confusion around what UPI is supposed to be. Hopefully, by the end of this blog post, you will have a better and clear idea of what the buzz around UPI is all about.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"whatupiis\">What UPI is<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><em>UPI is a way to transfer money<\/em>The easiest way to think of UPI is that <em>it is a payment method<\/em> to transfer money between 2 parties. It is similar to NEFT or RTGS transfers in that way. Even though it is being promoted as a \u201cPayment Interface\u201d and an API, it is easier to think of it as a way to transfer money.<\/li>\n<li><em>UPI is interoperable between banks<\/em>This is really important. By standardizing UPI as the \u201cmoney-transfer-API\u201d, NPCI is forcing banks to improve their interoperability. This will let customers manage their bank accounts on multiple banks over a single banking application (from any of the banks). Huge deal going ahead.<\/li>\n<li><em>UPI is running on top of the existing IMPS Infrastructure*<\/em>The asterisk is because IMPS is being used &#8220;as of now&#8221;. This might change in the future as the scope of UPI is increased.<\/li>\n<li><em>UPI is betting heavily on smartphones in India<\/em>Smartphone penetration in India is on the rise. UPI is heavily betting on smartphones, which means it will require mobile banking applications as a basic minimum. We also have <a href=\"http:\/\/www.npci.org.in\/pro_over.aspx\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NUUP\/*99#<\/a>, the national based-payments infrastructure run by NPCI and it is somewhat interoperable with UPI. However, to leverage the entire suite of UPI, we\u2019ll need to get smartphones in everyone\u2019s hands.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 id=\"whatupiisnot\">What UPI is not<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><em>UPI is not going to be immediately available everywhere<\/em>UPI is currently in beta, with access restricted to certain parties. Even after this period ends, there will be very few parties actually talking to UPI. However, every bank will have its own timeline on their UPI integrated applications going live. Expect to see it getting announced by banks somewhere in Summer this year.<\/li>\n<li><em>UPI is not a mobile wallet killer (yet)<\/em>This is probably the most talked-about question, and the answer is not very clear as of now. As with every new technology, the answer depends on the adoption. UPI does have some barriers to entry, such as smartphone penetration and even things like availability of apps in Indic languages. Mobile Wallets have flourished in India because they have allowed customers to spend money online far more easily compared to other payment methods. UPI is far more easier to use for the end-customer while also having the advantage of being interoperable. (You can\u2019t check your Paytm balance from your MobiKwik app, but you can do that with UPI).However, UPI is still not there. This is an early avatar, and it will require a lot of polish before people will start trusting UPI as <em>the<\/em> payment method for everyone. Meanwhile we\u2019ll still have to rely on payments being made of Credit Cards and the plethora of netbanking options we currently have.<\/li>\n<li><em>UPI is not going to replace Net Banking<\/em>The simple reason being: UPI does one thing and it does it well (money transfers). Netbanking applications provided by banks do far more things. For eg, you can apply for health insurance on your bank portal. UPI gives you the most useful feature from there, in a far more accessible manner.<\/li>\n<li><em>UPI is not a magic bullet for payment processing<\/em>Believe this from someone who works at a fintech company. Payments are hard. Online payments, even more so. UPI might solve some of the problems and solve them really well, but it will take a lot of time and nurturing before UPI can be anywhere close to a single solution. For instance, you can\u2019t ask someone with a non-participating bank account (such as a foreign bank, or a small co-operative bank) to transfer funds using UPI. There is no escrow mechanism in UPI, and rightly so, because it doesn\u2019t belong in such a service. However, there are use-cases for escrow payments that will still require banks or other companies to build on top of UPI, perhaps.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"whatupimeansforeveryone\">What UPI means for everyone?<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Customers<\/strong> can now transfer money far more easily using their phonesFor a start, as a customer you get to do away with the netbanking websites and bank-specific mobile applications and get a common interface on a single app (which is still provided by any of your banks) to make fund transfers. However, the implementation of these apps is still left to the banks, and they can still add layers of complexity on top of this. For eg, UPI spec recommends an \u201cAdd beneficiary details\u201d step before every payment, even on mobile applications as a phishing prevention measure. However, it should lead to a better \u201ccommon\u201d experience for the end-customer, in general.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Merchants<\/strong> can now collect money from their customers easilyA small-time merchant benefits greatly from UPI and can send invoices to their customers from the mobile app. Even small-time kirana stores can start accepting large payments from their regular customers over UPI. All the merchant needs to ask for is your mobile number and send you a \u201ccollect\u201d request, which will appear as an option in the mobile app.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Enterprises<\/strong> have to handle the hassle of another payment methodThis is where it gets complicated. For larger merchants, it gets unwieldy to use a mobile app to ask customers for payments. However, since customers are already paying them via other methods, this is an extra payment method that they need to integrate and test. Even then, every merchant would need to get vetted by NPCI before being granted access to UPI.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Banks<\/strong> can now compete with wallets in mobile paymentsBanks have a silver-lining: If they work hard enough on their mobile app experience, they can gain back the market they have lost to mobile wallets.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Wallets<\/strong> have to convince NPCI to add them to UPIWallets are currently not in scope as a provider in UPI. This is more of of a consequence of the decision to use IMPS rather than NPCI ignoring wallets. However, this might change in the future, as wallets might be included in the scope. Expect this to be big news if\/when it happens.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><strong>Features of UPI<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Here are the features that make UPI ubiquitous in the country today:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Instant money transfer via mobile devices is available 24\/7, 365 days a year.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A single mobile application allows access to multiple bank accounts.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Two-factor authentication with a single click is in compliance with regulatory guidelines, offering a seamless and highly secure payment feature.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The customer&#8217;s virtual address enhances security by eliminating the need to enter details like card number, account number, or IFSC code for both Pull and Push transactions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">QR codes provide a convenient solution for cash-on-delivery situations, eliminating the need to rush to an ATM or provide exact change.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Merchants can accept payments through a single application or in-app payments.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The application supports utility bill payments, over-the-counter payments, and QR code-based payments (scan and pay).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The platform allows for scalable solutions for donations, collections, and disbursements.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Users can raise complaints directly from the mobile app.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Why should you use UPI?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you\u2019re a business owner, here\u2019s why you should use UPI:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Effortless gathering of funds from customers using single identifiers.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Eliminates the risk of storing customers&#8217; virtual addresses, as seen in card-based systems.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Targets customers without credit or debit cards, expanding the reach of the service.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ideal for electronic commerce (e-commerce) and mobile commerce (m-commerce) transactions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Solves the issue of collecting cash on delivery (COD) payments.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Provides customers with a seamless two-factor authentication (2FA) experience through a single click.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Supports in-app payments (IAP).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>If you\u2019re a customer, here\u2019s why you should use UPI:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Available 24\/7.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A unified application for accessing multiple bank accounts.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The use of Virtual ID enhances security by eliminating the need to share credentials.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Authentication with a single click.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Registration Process in UPI-enabled Application\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3><strong>Steps to register in UPI<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Here are the steps involved in UPI registration:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Install a UPI payment application on your mobile device from your app store\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Launch the app\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Navigate to the &#8216;My Profile&#8217; section\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Choose &#8216;Create New VPA&#8217;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Enter the desired VPA ID and verify its availability.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Head to the \u2018Add\/Link\/Manage Bank Account\u2019 section and link the bank account to your VPA\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Submit the request, and your UPI\/VPA ID will be successfully created<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Generating UPI PIN\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Here are the steps involved in generating a UPI PIN:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Launch your UPI payment application\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Navigate to the My Profile\/My Account section and click on UPI Settings<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Select the UPI-linked Bank Accounts option to view your list of connected accounts<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If a UPI PIN has not been set for a particular bank account, you will find a &#8216;Set PIN&#8217; option under that account.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Choose &#8216;Set PIN&#8217;.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Now, provide the last 6 digits of your card number and its expiry date.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You will receive a One-Time Password (OTP) on your registered mobile number.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Enter the OTP and select a UPI PIN of your choice\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Click &#8216;Submit&#8217;, and your UPI PIN will be successfully set!<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>How to Generate M-PIN?\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Here are the steps involved in generating your UPI M-PIN:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Choose the set M-PIN option<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Now, provide the last 6 digits of your card number and its expiry date<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You will receive a One-Time Password (OTP) on your registered mobile number.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Enter the OTP and select an M-PIN of your choice\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Click &#8216;Submit&#8217;, and your UPI M-PIN will be successfully set!<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Ways to transfer money using UPI?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The following are the ways to transfer money using UPI:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mobile number &#8211; Transfer money to a mobile number that&#8217;s linked to UPI<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">QR code &#8211; Transfer money by scanning a QR code\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">VPA &#8211; Send money to or request money from a virtual payment address\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Account Number &#8211; Transfer money to a bank account\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Is KYC Required For UPI Money Transfer?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">No. UPI does not require KYC since UPI is already linked to your bank account.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>How Does UPI Work?\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The primary purpose of UPI is to facilitate convenient and secure money transfers between bank accounts. This is achieved by consolidating multiple bank accounts within a single mobile application, enabling effortless transfer of funds and payments to merchants. Additionally, UPI facilitates &#8216;peer-to-peer&#8217; and &#8216;peer-to-merchant&#8217; collection requests, which can be scheduled and settled as per the request.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Participants in UPI\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The following are the participants in UPI:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Payer PSP<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Payee PSP<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Remitter Bank<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Beneficiary Bank<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">NPCI<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bank Account holders<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Merchants<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>UPI History\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Before 2016, India utilized various systems such as RTGS, IMPS, and NEFT to transfer money between banks. However, due to the multitude of systems, rules, and increasing paperwork, there was a necessity for a unified system that could automate and standardize India&#8217;s payment platforms.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 2016, NPCI took on the task of transforming India&#8217;s payment systems. They developed the Unified Payments Interface (UPI), which served as an architectural framework with a standardized set of Application Programming Interface (API) specifications to facilitate online payments. The primary objective was to simplify the process and provide a unified interface across all NPCI systems, thereby promoting interoperability and enhancing the customer experience.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The pilot program, involving 21 member banks, was launched on April 11, 2016.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>UPI Market Share\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 2022, over half of all digital financial transactions made in India were made via UPI. In the month of May 2023 alone, there were over 9.4 billion transactions on UPI, handling a total value of almost 15 lakh crore rupees.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-430 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/rzpwp.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/upi1.jpg\" alt=\"upi\" width=\"960\" height=\"502\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.razorpay.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/upi1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/blog.razorpay.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/upi1-300x157.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blog.razorpay.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/upi1-768x402.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/h3>\n<h3 id=\"upifutureofindianpayments\">UPI &#8211; Future of Indian Payments?<\/h3>\n<p>The success of UPI depends on whether it sees mass adoption. And the people who can ensure that are right here in this webinar. NPCI has taken a huge leap by releasing UPI and working on it. Now it is upto companies, developers, merchants, and even customers to make sure that it sees its full potential. Go ask your bank when are they integrating with UPI, and when can you start using it.<\/p>\n<p>No other country in the world can boast of a payment solution as well designed as UPI. However, we need co-operation from all parties, including the Banks, to make UPI the success that it can be.<\/p>\n<p>In case you have any queries regarding UPI, you can reach out to us at <a href=\"https:\/\/razorpay.com\/support\/\">razopay support team<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>NPCI has launched UPI as a new way to transfer money in India. This blog post\u2019s explains what UPI is and how it is set to change future of payments in India<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":324,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[43,51,57],"class_list":{"0":"post-237","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-payments","8":"tag-online-commerce","9":"tag-payments","10":"tag-technology"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/razorpay.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/237","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/razorpay.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/razorpay.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/razorpay.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/razorpay.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=237"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/razorpay.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/237\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/razorpay.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/324"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/razorpay.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=237"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/razorpay.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=237"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/razorpay.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=237"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}